Abstract: Objective To detect the Rh antigens C, c, E, e in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients with blood diseases and donors before and after transplantation, and analyze the time and process of the conversion of Rh blood type from recipients to donor Rh antigens C, c, E, e. Methods Anticoagulant blood samples were collected from patients and donors before and after transplantation for detection of antigen transformation by using microcolumn agglutination card, ABO and Rh antigen conversion time were analyzed and compared. Results Excluding the effects of red blood cell transfusions, the average time length of 58 HSCT patients was 57.81±8.99 days that Rh antigens C, c, E, e completely transformed from recipient to donor after transplantation. Patient age and hematological classification showed impact on the time of Rh antigens conversion, while the gender, ABO blood group compatibility, as well as transplant mode showed no influence on the Rh antigen conversion time. Donor's red blood cells appeared in some patients as early as 3rd week after transplantation, mixed chimerism of donor and patient was detected from the 4th week, and the Rh blood group antigens were found to be completely transformed from the 7th to the 10th week. In addition, both Rh and ABO blood group antigen transition time in 25 HSCT patients those Rh and ABO blood type between patients and donors were different were analyzed, and the Rh transition time was shorter than ABO, and its difference was statistically significant. Conclusion Regular typing of Rh blood group antigen is necessary for patients after HSCT transplantation, and these Rh antigens are indicators to judge transplantation treatment effect, and they also show a significance of guiding transfusion of Rh blood group compatible red blood cells in HSCT patients after transplantation.

Key words: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Rh blood group antigen, Transition time