Abstract: ObjectiveTransfusion of blood components containing high amounts of leucocytes possibly causes side-effects in recipients. Therefore, the measurement of the residual leucocytes is certainly required for quality control of blood components. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of a new microscopic system (ADAM-rWBC) for residual leucocytes determination in blood components. MethodsThe quantitative accuracy, reproducibility and practical performance of ADAM-rWBC in detection of leucocytes was evaluated when compared with sysmex KX21 hematology analyzer and manual counting in the nageotte chamber. ResultsIn a parallel detection of 3 specimens which contained 40, 10 and 1 cell/μl, the inter-assay coefficient of variation (CV %) was 8.8, 11.3, and 31.1 for ADAM-rWBC and 20.4, 31.8, and 15.3 for Nageotte. The accuracy was 100%, 87.5%, and 37.5% for ADAM-rWBC and 50%, 12.5%, and 37.5% for Nageotte, respectively. In the detection of 36 complete blood samples (white leucocytes counting ranged from 4500 to 10 700 cell/μl), the WBC quantification results from ADAM-rWBC diluting- measurement were comparable (P =0.655) and well-correlated (Slope=1.00±0.01, R 2=0.832, P <0.001) with that from Sysmex kx21 hematology analyzer. In detection of 34 blood components after leucocytes depletion, no significant difference (P =0.18) was observed between ADAM-rWBC and Nageotte chamber, all sample presenting a WBC amount <3.0 cell/ μl, which coincided with the standard requirement of <12.5 cell/μl. ConclusionThe ADAM-rWBC was a accurate and reliable method for white leucocyte measurement. In comparison with manual counting, the ADAM-rWBC was more reproducible and was satisfied of convenience and be able to meet the national requrement.