Abstract: Objective To analyze the effectiveness of the R-CHOP regimen in the treatment of double-expression diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DEL). Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of the DEL patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from December 2017 to December 2022. The clinical characteristics, survival and prognostic factors were analyzed, and non-DEL patients admitted in the same period were selected as the control group. Results A total of 243 DLBCL patients were collected, including 63 cases of DEL patients (25.9%). There were no differences in the clinical characteristics between DEL patients and non-DEL patients. The complete remission (CR) rate of DEL patients was significantly lower than that of non-DEL patients (P=0.033).The non-DEL and DEL groups had a progression-free (PFS) rate of 74.5% and 41.7% respectively at 3 years, with median PFS was 38.6 (95％CI:33.3~43.9)month and 30.2 (95％CI:22.3~38.2) month (P=0.003). The overall survival (OS) rate at 3 years was 80.3% in the non-DEL group and 60.4% in the DEL group, with median OS of 49.2(95％CI:44.6~53.8) month and 34.2 (95％CI:28.1~40.4) month respectively (P=0.031), the difference were statistically significant. Multivariate COX regression analysis of DEL patients showed that only the IPI score affected the PFS (HR=51.695, P=0.001) and OS (HR=6.513, P=0.001). Conclusion There is no significant difference between DEL and non-DEL patients in clinical characteristics. DEL patients undergoing first-line treatment with R-CHOP regimen have poor prognosis.

Key words: Diffuse with large, B-cell lymphoma, Clinical features, Effectiveness, Double expression