Abstract: The plateau environment is characterized by hypoxia, low atmospheric pressure, low temperature and intense ultraviolet radiation. As key effector units participating in thrombosis and vascular injury repair, platelets play a critical role in hemostasis and pathological thrombosis. Aberrant platelet activation is closely associated with the development of various high-altitude disorders. Under hypobaric hypoxic conditions, platelet morphology, adhesion, aggregation and secretion are markedly altered via multiple signaling pathways, thereby inducing enhanced platelet activation.Meanwhile, combined environmental factors on the plateau further aggravate platelet dysfunction and eventually lead to plateau-related disorders. This paper systematically summarizes recent literature pertaining to the correlation between high-altitude exposure and platelet activation, with a particular focus on the underlying molecular mechanisms and the expression profiles of platelet activation markers under such conditions, Additionally, we analyze current research limitations and propose future directions, aiming to provide a basis for both clinical prevention and therapeutic strategies for plateau diseases and to support further fundamental investigations in this field.

Key words: Plateau environment, Hypoxia, Plateau exposure, Platelet activation, Plateau-related diseases