Abstract: Objective To explore clinical curative effect of VCD combined with ubenimex on multiple myeloma (MM) and to analyze influencing factors of prognosis. Methods The data of 96 MM patients who were admitted to the hospital from April 2015 to June 2019 were retrospectively collected. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into VCD group (47 cases) and combination group (49 cases). All patients were given VCD (velcade, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone) regimen for chemotherapy. They were given continuous administration of ubenimex during chemotherapy in combination group. After 3 cycles of chemotherapy, curative effect was observed. The changes in biochemical indexes were measured. Adverse reactions and prognosis were statistically analyzed. Results The disease remission rate in combination group was significantly higher than that in VCD group (77.55% vs 57.45%) (P<0.05). Compared with those before treatment, plasmocyte proportion and serum M protein in bone marrow of both groups were significantly decreased, while hemoglobin (Hb) was significantly increased (P<0.05). The improvement effect in combination group was better than that in VCD group (P<0.05). There were adverse reactions such as constipation, lethargy, infectious fever and bone marrow suppression, all mainly on level Ⅰ-Ⅱ. There was no significant difference in incidence between the two groups (P>0.05). Of the 96 patients, 2-year overall survival (OS) rate and progression-free survival (PFS) rate were 76.04% and 61.46%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that ISS staging, treatment regimen and curative effect were correlated with OS rate and PFS rate (P<0.05). COX multivariate analysis showed that ISS staging, treatment regimen and curative effect were all risk factors influencing OS rate (P<0.05). Only curative effect was the risk factor influencing PFS rate (P<0.05). Conclusion VCD regimen combined with ubenimex in treatment of MM can effectively improve clinical curative effect, adjust levels of biochemical indexes, and improve prognosis without increasing adverse reactions. In addition to treatment regimen, ISS staging and curative effect are also independent factors influencing prognosis.

Key words: VCD chemotherapy regimen, Ubenimex, Multiple myeloma