Abstract: Objective To develop a new method for RhD blood group typing. Methods In the quantum dots fluorescence detection, blood group D antigen was seperated by quantum dots-antibody complexes and magnetic beads, and identified according to the ratio of fluorescence intensity before and after the reaction （Ratio value）. The detection performance of this method was validated by blood typing of 160 clinical specimens. Results When the RBC concentration is at 1×10¹⁰~1×10¹¹/L the detection of RhD blood group antigen could be completed within 35 minutes. The intra- and inter-group variation coefficients of the detection system were 3.86% and 5.06%, respectively. Compared with the tube test method, the accuracy of the quantum dots fluorescence detection was 100% by the RhD blood group results of 160 clinical samples. ROC curve analysis showed that when the Cut-off value was 1.610, the quantum dot fluorescence detection method had the highest sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion Quantum dot fluorescent RhD blood group detection can be used as an effective supplement to conventional RhD antigen detection methods.

Key words: Rh blood group system, D antigen, Quantum dots, Fluorescence detection