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临床输血与检验

临床输血与检验 ›› 2021, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5): 564-569.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2587.2021.05.005

• 高原输血专题 • 上一篇    下一篇

高原低氧快速适应人群筛选及其低氧适应相关基因的表达研究*

李翠莹, 李小薇, 肖军, 雷慧芬, 孟方园, 高瞻   

  1. 100142 北京,空军特色医学中心
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-25 发布日期:2021-10-20
  • 作者简介:李翠莹（1969-）,女,主任技师,硕士研究生导师,主要从事临床输血与高原输血研究,（E-mail）licuiying2013@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    *本课题受全军后勤科研重大专项子项（No. AWS13J004）; 国家自然科学基金（No. 81971778）资助

Study on the Expression of Hypoxic Adaptation-related Genes and Screening of Rapid Adaptation of Hypoxic Population at High Altitude

LI Cui-ying, LI Xiao-wei, XIAO Jun, et al   

  1. Department of Blood Transfusion, Air force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing 100142
  • Received:2021-05-25 Published:2021-10-20

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摘要： 目的 以世居平原汉族、急进高原汉族（3、7天）、高原低氧习服训练（30、90天）、久居高原汉族人群（>10年）以及世居高原藏族的人群为研究对象,筛选高原低氧快速适应人群及其低氧适应相关基因。方法 采用全自动血细胞分析仪和血氧饱和度检测仪测定不同分组人群血常规及血氧饱和度SpO2数据,qRT-PCR技术检测不同分组人群低氧诱导因子相关基因mRNA表达水平的差异,蛋白电泳方法检测不同分组人群高氧亲和力血红蛋白F（HbF）的差异。结果 进入高原后血红蛋白水平增高（平原汉族为146.12±15.5 g/L,入高原3天为173.05±11.7 g/L、7天为173.57±11.2 g/L、30天为175.86±10.4 g/L、90天为181.98±16.6 g/L及久居高原汉族为195.46±22.4 g/L,P<0.05）,SpO2显著降低（平原汉族97.28±1.46%、入高原3天87.6±3.1%、30天90.4±2.6%,P<0.05）;世居高原藏族血红蛋白水平略高于平原,SpO2略降低（P<0.05）;进入高原7天、90天、久居高原汉族及藏族EPAS1基因mRNA表达水平显著高于平原（P<0.05）;平原汉族急进高原3天EPAS1基因表达未升高人员进入高原后RBC、Hb及Hct变化高于基因表达升高人员（P<0.05）;世居高原藏族HbF电泳阳性率（54.5%）明显高于久居高原汉族（27.3%）及平原汉族（14.3%）。结论 平原汉族可筛选进入高原3天EPAS1基因mRNA高表达及高携氧能力HbF人群,为高原低氧快速适应人群的筛选提供理论依据。

关键词: 高原低氧适应, 低氧适应基因, 基因表达

Abstract: Objective To screen the population of rapid adaptation to high altitude hypoxia and the genes related to hypoxia adaptation by different population,including Han population who rapidly entered plateau (for 3 and 7day), the plateau-acclimatized Han population (residing for 30 and 90 days),the plateau Han population (more than 10 years on the plateau) and the Tibetan population. Methods The Blood routine examination and SpO2 data were measured by automatic blood cell analyzer and oxygen saturation detector. The mRNA expression levels of hypoxia inducible factor related genes were detected by qRT-PCR. The difference of HbF with high oxygen affinity was detected by the protein electrophoresis method. Results After entering the plateau the hemoglobin（Hb） concentration of Han population increased significantly（146.12±15.5 g/L in the plain,173.05±11.7 g/L after entering plateau 3 days,173.57±11.2 g/L after entering plateau 7 days,175.86±10.4 g/L after entering plateau 30 days,181.98±16.6 g/L after entering plateau 90 days, and 195.46±22.4 g/L living in plateau for a long time,P<0.05）,while SpO2 decreased significantly（97.28±1.46% in the plain,87.6±3.1% after entering plateau 3 days,and 90.4±2.6% after entering plateau 30 days,P<0.05）. The Hb concentration of Tibetan living in plateau was slightly higher than that Han population in plain,and SpO2 was slightly lower （P<0.05）. The expression level of EPAS1 mRNA was increasing in Han population after entering plateau for 7 days, 90 days,and living in plateau for a long time and in Tibetan（P<0.05）. The changes in RBC,Hb and Hct after entering the plateau 3 days were higher in Han population on the plains who did not have elevated EPAS1 gene expression than in those with elevated gene expression（P<0.05）. The HbF in Tibetan was 54.5% higher than that of Han population （more than 10 years on the plateau）with 27.3% and that of Han population living on plain with only 14.3%. Conclusion We should screen out the Han population,who were characterized with high expression of EPAS1 mRNA after entering plateau 3 days and high HbF,which provides a theoretical basis for the screening of Han population for rapid adaptation to hypoxia in the plateau.

Key words: High altitude hypoxia adaptation, Hypoxic adaptation genes, Gene expression

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