Abstract: Objective To understand the pathogenic bacteria distribution characteristics in children with lower respiratory infection,and guide the rational use of antimicrobial agents pediatricians,we studied sputum bacterial culture Results from children’s sample taken from nasal cavity.Methods Retrospective analysis the bacterial culture Results of 5795 cases of our hospital pediatric ward take sputum sample through nose during July 2013 - June 2016,the statistics of drug susceptibility Results with WHONET 5.6 software.Results 5795 cases of sputum specimens detected 2535 strains of pathogenic bacteria,class A,class B and class C specimen positive detection rate of 51.29%,36.75% and 18.32% respectively,Moraxella catarrhalis,Streptococcus pneumoniae,Staphylococcus aureus,Haemophilus influenzae and Escherichia coli were the top five species of pathogens isolated from;The non sensitive rate of Moraxella catarrhalis to erythrocin and azithromycin was the highest（40.93%）,the positive rate of β-lactamases was 96.22%; Did not check out the drug resistance of streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin;Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus （MRSA） detection rate of 9.49%;The drug resistance rate of Haemophilus influenzae to compound sulfamethoxazole was the highest（36.02%）,the positive rate of β-lactamases was 30.65%; The drug resistance of Escherichia coli to imipenem was not found.Conclusion Sputum taken through the nose for bacterial culture is not not impededed by oral bacteria,its Results are accurate,high positive rate; Clinical should be more choose antimicrobial agents according to antimicrobial susceptibility test Results,delay the produce of drug-resistant bacteria.

Key words: Sputum through nose sampling, Pathogenic bacteria distribution, Drug susceptibility analysis