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临床输血与检验

临床输血与检验 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (4): 462-469.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2587.2025.04.005

• 临床输血 • 上一篇    下一篇

7 567例恶性肿瘤住院患者ABO血型、Rh表型及不规则抗体的分布与回顾性分析*

许海艳, 张一宁, 梁燕, 邢艳, 许亚莉, 崔颖   

  1. 西安交通大学第一附属医院输血科,陕西西安 710061
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-11 发布日期:2025-08-22
  • 通讯作者: 崔颖,主要从事输血医学研究,（E-mail）cy13991869533@xjtufh.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:许海艳,主要从事输血医学研究,（E-mail）haiyanxu@xjtufh.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    *本课题受陕西省自然科学基金项目（No.2024JC-YBMS-727）资助

Retrospective Analysis of the Distribution of ABO Blood Types, Rh Phenotypes, and Irregular Antibodies in 7 567 Hospitalized Patients with Malignant Tumors

XU Haiyan, ZHANG Yining, LIANG Yan, XING Yan, XU Yali, CUI Ying   

  1. Department of Blood Transfusion, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710061
  • Received:2025-04-11 Published:2025-08-22

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摘要： 目的 分析本院恶性肿瘤住院患者ABO、Rh血型及不规则抗体的分布规律,探讨其与肿瘤的相关性。方法 收集本院2021年3月—2024年6月收治的7 567例恶性肿瘤住院患者的ABO、Rh（D、C、c、E、e）血型及不规则抗体筛查结果,统计并分析患者血型、不规则抗体的分布情况及Rh抗原分布频率。结果 ①ABO血型的分布情况为：B型（31.14%）>A型（29.56%）>O型（29.40%）>AB型（9.90%）。与陕西省献血者ABO血型分布情况相比,消化系统（P<0.05）恶性肿瘤的ABO血型分布情况差异具有统计学意义。与中国总体ABO血型分布结果相比,消化系统（P<0.001）、血液淋巴系统（P<0.001）、呼吸系统（P<0.05）及其他（P<0.05）恶性肿瘤的ABO血型分布情况差异具有统计学意义。②RhD阳性人群Rh表型分布CCDee（39.90%）>CcDEe（38.53%）>CcDee（8.96%）>ccDEE（7.84%）>ccDEe（3.65%）>CCDEe（0.55%）>ccDee（0.41%）>CcDEE（0.16%）。统计结果表明,RhD阳性人群中,不同ABO血型恶性肿瘤住院患者Rh血型分布不同,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。进一步分析表明,ccDEE表型在不同ABO血型间的分布差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）,而其他表型在ABO血型间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。③Rh表型的抗原频率从高到低均为D（99.31%）、e（92.04%）、C（87.80%）、c（59.80%）、E（50.47%）,与西安市健康献血者Rh表型抗原阳性频率分布基本一致,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。④不规则抗体初筛结果为阴性的7 452例（98.48%）,阳性为115例（1.52%）,由阴性转变为阳性的共89例,其中阳性以血液淋巴系统恶性肿瘤占比最高（63.24%）。结论 本研究中恶性肿瘤患者的ABO血型及Rh表型分布与肿瘤类型存在一定的相关性。其中,消化系统和血液淋巴系统的ABO血型分布差异尤为显著。此外,在RhD阳性表型中,ccDEE表型在不同ABO血型间的分布差异具有统计学意义。不规则抗体的变化提示,血液淋巴系统肿瘤患者在住院期间需加强输血监测。

关键词: 恶性肿瘤, ABO血型, Rh表型, 不规则抗体筛查

Abstract: Objective To analyze the distribution patterns of ABO blood types, Rh phenotypes (D, C, c, E, e), and irregular antibodies in our hospitalized patients with malignant tumors, and explore their correlation with tumor types. Methods We statistically analyzed the distribution of blood types, irregular antibodies, and the frequency of Rh antigen distribution from the laboratory results of 7 567 hospitalized patients with malignant tumors admitted to our hospital from March 2021 to June 2024. Results ①The distribution of ABO blood types was B (31.14%)>A (29.56%)>O (29.40%)>AB (9.90%). Compared with the ABO blood type distribution among blood donors in Shaanxi Province, the ABO blood type distribution among patients with digestive system malignancies shows a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Compared with the overall ABO blood type distribution in China, the ABO blood type distribution among patients with digestive system malignancies (P<0.001), the differences in the distribution of ABO blood groups for hemolymphatic (P<0.001), respiratory (P<0.05) and other (P<0.05) malignancies were statistically significant. ②The distribution of Rh phenotypes among RhD-positive patients was CCDee (39.90%)>CcDEe (38.53%)>CcDee (8.96%)>ccDEE (7.84%)>ccDEe (3.65%)>CCDEe (0.55%)>ccDee (0.41%)>CcDEE (0.16%). Statistical analysis indicates that the distribution of Rh phenotypes among RhD-positive population was different among hospitalized patients with malignant tumors of different ABO blood groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Further analysis showed that the differences in the distribution of ccDEE phenotypes among different ABO blood groups were statistically significant (P<0.05), while the differences in other phenotypes among ABO blood groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). ③The antigen frequency of Rh phenotypes from highest to lowest, is D(99.31%), e(92.04%), C(87.80%), c(59.80%), and E(50.47%), which were basically consistent with the positivity distribution of Rh phenotype in healthy blood donors in Xi'an, and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).④The results of the initial screening for irregular antibodies were negative in 7 452 cases (98.48%), positive in 115 cases (1.52%), and changed from negative to positive in a total of 89 cases, with the highest percentage of positives being hematologic-lymphatic malignancies (63.24%). The results of initial screening for irregular antibodies were negative in 7 452 cases (98.48%) and positive in 115 cases (1.52%). Among these, 89 cases shifted from negative to positive, with the highest proportion of positives being hematolymphatic malignancies (63.24%). Conclusion The distribution of ABO and Rh blood types among malignant tumor patients was correlated with tumor types, particularly prominent in the digestive and hematolymphatic systems. The distribution of the ccDEE phenotype among RhD-positive patients also varied significantly among different ABO blood types. The changes in irregular antibodies suggest that patients with hematolymphatic malignancies should be closely monitored for blood transfusion during hospitalization.

Key words: Malignant tumor, ABO blood type, Rh phenotype, Irregular antibody screening

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