Abstract: Objectives To investigate the polymorphism of Duffy blood type in Uygur population of Northern Xinjiang so as to establish the database of rare blood type antigens of Uighur population for prevention of hemolytic diseases of newborns. Methods The Fy^a and Fy^b antigens were found in 894 randomly selected Uyghurs in the region when detected with the card gel antiglobulin method. Results In 894 specimens,328 Fy ^(a+b+） cases (36.69%）,494 Fy ^(a+b-） cases （55.26%）,and 72 Fy ^(a-b+） cases (8.05%） were seen but no Fy^(a-b-） was observed. The frequencies of Fy^a and Fy^b are 0.7360 and 0.2640,respectively. The distribution of Duffy blood group antigens is in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium in the Uyghurs. Conclusion The distribution of Duffy blood group antigens of Uygur population in the north region of Xinjiang presents its racial characteristics.

Key words: Uygur, Duffy blood type, phenotype distribution