Abstract: Objective To analyze the correlative risk factors and prognosis of transfusion-related acute lung injury （TRALI）in the patients who had received blood transfusion. Methods Thirty seven patients with TRALI from 2008 to 2014 were compared with the control of 58 cases for gender，age and clinical index，and possible independent risk factors that might influence TRALI were discussed. Results Compared with the control without TRALI，risk factors for TRALI included HLA antibodies II，transfusion，shock，smoking and hepatic disorders. Patients with TRALI had a higher mortality when compared with the control （χ2=49.056，P<0.05）. Conclusion The risk factors correlated to TRALI comprised of antibodies against HLA II，blood transfusion，shock，and history of smoking and hepatic diseases. Patients with TRALI had bad prognoses. Post-operative intensive cure is the critical for avoidance of TRALI.

Key words: TRALI Transfusion, Risk factors , Prognosis