Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of deproteinized calf serum injection （DCSI） combined with hyperbaric oxygen on neurological function and serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF），matrix metalloproteinases （MMP-9） and basic fibroblast growth factor （BDNF） in patients with acute cerebral infarction （ACI）. Methods Ninety two patients with ACI in the hospital were selected in the last two years and divided into 2 groups，46 cases in each. The control group was given DCSI only whereas the experimental group was treated with both DCSI and hyperbaric oxygen. The treatment efficacy and adverse reactions were recorded. The neurological function score，serum levels of VEGF，MMP-9，BDNF and quality of life were compared between the two groups pre- and post-treatment. Results The total effective rate of the experimental group was 93.48% （43/46），which was higher than that of the control group （78.26%，36/46）（P＜0.05）. The scores of NIHSS in the experimental group were lower while physiological function，energy，mental state and health status were higher than those in the control（P＜0.05）. The levels of serum VEGF and BDNF in the experimental group were elevated whereas MMP-9 was decreased（P＜0.05）. No significant difference of the adverse reactions was seen between in the experimental （19.57%，9/46） and control groups （15.22%，7/46）（P＞0.05）. Conclusion Deproteinized calf serum injection combined with hyperbaric oxygen in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction can obviously decrease the levels of MMP-9 and VEGF，effectively elevate the level of BDNF，and improve the neurological functions and the quality of life of patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Key words: Deproteinized calf serum injection, Hyperbaric oxygen, Acute cerebral infarction, VEGF , MMP-9 , BDNF