Objective To investigate the quality and the influence factors of red blood cells in additive solution with reduced leukocytes to provide theoretical basis and reference methods of assessment indicators and reasonable dose for clinical red blood cell transfusion. Methods The blood volume, hemoglobin hematocrit and the hemolytic rate were analyzed at the end of storage in 100 bags of red blood cells in additive solution with leukocytes reduced. Result In the
group of 1.5 U red blood cells in additive solution with leukocytes reduced in 5 0 bags, the average blood volume was (198±22 ) ml/bag, and the qualified rate, compared with the theoretical value, was 78%. The hemoglobin concentration was (35.04±6.24 ) g, and the qualified rate was 92%. The hematocrit was (0.52±0.06 ) and, the qualified rate was 92%. The residual quantification of leukocyte was (2.15±0.80 )×1 06/bag, and the qualified rate was 9 6%. The hemolytic rate at the end of storage was (0 .1 3±0 .1 2 )％, and the qualified rate was 1 0 0%. In the group of 2 .0 U red blood cells of 50 bags in additive solution with leukocytes reduced, the average blood volume was (272±26 ) ml/bag, and the qualified rate, compared with the theoretical value, was 75%. The hemoglobin concentration was (51.23±6.38 ) g, and the qualified rate was 96%. The hematocrit was (0.55±0.04 ), and the qualified rate was 100%. The residual quantification of leukocyte was (3.00±1.23 )×106/bag，and the qualified rate was 94%. The hemolytic rate at the end of storage was (0.27±0.15 )％, and the qualified rate is 100%. Conclusion The quality indicators of blood products in both 1.5 U and 2.0 U of red blood cells in additive solution with leukocytes reduced met the standard of 2012 edition of "Technical Operating Procedures in Blood Station".
Objective To study the preparation of washed red blood cells(RBCs) with MAP maintenance solution, and to provide a guidance for clinical rational blood transfusion. Methods MAP washed RBCs were prepared from the leukocyte reduced/containing RBCs suspension K+ and Na+ concentration, free hemoglobin, erythrocyte osmotic fragility, leukocyte removal rate, erythrocyte recovery rate and other indicators were detected. Results The K+ concentration of washed RBCs was lower than that of RBCs. The Na+ concentration decreased whereas the free hemoglobin concentration increased gradually. The RBCs osmotic fragility was increased, indicating that the increase of K+ concentration may be related to the imbalance of sodium potassium pump, hemolysis and osmotic fragility of erythrocytes. Conclusion According to the different conditions of patients, especially of the patients with high serum potassium and newborn infants, the freshly washed red blood cells are recommended for use to prevent the plasma allergy and the side reaction of MAP cells.
Objective As storage time extension, fragments and particles changes need to be explored for breakage and hemolysis of aleukocytic red blood cell suspensions, so as to provide a experimental basis for the transfusion safety. Methods Aleukocytic suspending red blood cells from stocks were prepared in different storage days （3d, 7d, 14d and 21d）. Particles in the samples according to the grain size distribution were analyzed through dynamic light scattering. Results Particles with the size from 10 to25 nm in the supernatant of the leukocyte-free red blood cells on 3d and 7d, while particles of 150~300 nm in size were predominantly noted after 3 weeks storage. Conclusion Particle size measurements in the RBC suspension of leukocyte reduced storage samples would be useful for evaluation the hemolysis in RBC transfusion.
ObjectiveTo analyze the characteristics of blood group serology and molecular mechanism of B3 subtype family members. MethodsBy using conventional blood serum method to identify blood type; detected the ABO preliminary genotyping by PCR-SSP method and amplified, sequenced and analyzed the nucleotide sequence of the sixth and seventh exon of ABO genes. ResultsTwo people in the family are A1B3 isoforms, containing anti-B antibody in serum. Three are B3 isoforms without anti-B antibody in serum. Genetic analysis reveals that the seventh exon has 1054C>T mutations, which causes the consequence that the polypeptide chain 352 nd arginine is replaced by tryptophan substitutions. ConclusionsThe point mutation of 1054C>T gene causes the molecular genetic basis of B3 subtypes, and can be stably inherited in the family. The techniques of molecular biology and human antiserum can identify the B3 subgroup correctly.
ObjectiveTo explore the preliminary screening status of mutual voluntary unpaid and relatives mutual platelet apheresis donors, establishing a reasonable apheresis recruitment mode. Methods1,523 cases of platelet apheresis donors' preliminary screening results were collected, among which 714 cases were mutual voluntary unpaid platelet apheresis donors, 809 cases were relative mutual platelet apheresis donors. Preliminary screening results between the two modes were compared from the following 7 aspects: ALT, PLT, RBC count, WBC count, HCT, chyle blood and HBsAg, as well as gender. Then the results were analyzed. ResultsThe overall failure rate of voluntary unpaid blood platelet apheresis donors in the preliminary screening was significantly lower than the relative mutual platelet apheresis donors, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01) ; ALT, PLT and chyle blood were the highest three. ALT, PLT, chyle blood failure of voluntary unpaid blood platelet apheresis donors were significantly lower than the relative mutual platelet apheresis donors, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); male and female failure rate of voluntary unpaid blood platelet apheresis donors were all significantly lower than the relative mutual platelet apheresis donors, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01) . ConclusionIn all indicators, preliminary screening failure rate of relative mutual platelet apheresis donors is higher than voluntary unpaid blood platelet apheresis donors. ALT, PLT count failure and chyle blood are the main reasons. It is of great significance to expand the team of voluntary unpaid blood platelet apheresis donors and reduce relative mutual platelet apheresis donors for blood donation and supply institutions.
ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between anti-HCV, HCV RNA and ALT in blood donor volunteers. MethodsFluorescent quantitative PCR was used to detect viral loads and kinetic method was employed to assay ALT levels in 235 anti-HCV positive samples which had been tested by ELISA. A six months follow up was performed to monitor the anti-HCV(+)/HCV RNA(-) samples. ResultsAmong 235 anti-HCV positive samples, 140 (59.57%) were positive for HCV RNA. The HCV RNA positive rate in S/CO ratio 1~5 and 5.01~9.99 groups were 34.29% and 26.47%, respectively. The HCV RNA positive rate in S/CO ratio≥10 group was 81.68% and statistically significant differences were found between this and the other two groups(χ2=45.15,P <0.05;χ2=39.41,P<0.05 ).The ALT abnormal rates in anti-HCV(+)/HCV RNA(+) and anti-HCV(+)/HCV RNA(-) groups were 2.86% and 1.05%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found (χ2=0.88,P≥0.05).The mean age of anti- HCV(+)/HCV RNA(+) donors was older than that of the anti-HCV(+)/HCV RNA(-) donors (χ2=7.81,P<0.05). Twenty three of 95 blood donors accepted retrospective survey, and one sample showed the negative anti-HCV in the second detection. ConclusionThe positive rate of HCV RNA is related to S/CO ratio of anti- HCV and the age of HCV infected blood donors. No correlation was found between the unqualified rate of ALT and HCV RNA in anti- HCV positive volunteer blood donors.
ObjectiveBy means of strengthening standardized management of medical records for clinical blood transfusion, improving the quality of medical records and promoting the reasonable use of blood and reduce medical tangle caused by the clinical usage of blood. Methods“Clinical blood transfusion technical specifications”, “Medical institution clinical blood management approach” and “Temporary rules of Clinical blood transfusion technical specifications of Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University” were used as the main basis for the study. 50 cases were randomly selected from the medical and surgical operation records monthly. Results3000 hospitalized patients with transfusion records were randomly selected from 2011 to 2015. The number and percentage of defective clinical transfusion medical records were 252(8.4%) and 147(4.9%), respectively. The percentage of defective clinical transfusion medical records decreased by year from 2011 to 2015. The results were 22.5%, 18.33%, 12.67%, 9.67%, 3.33%, respectively. ConclusionsStandardized blood transfusion medical records and process are important guaranties for scientific, safe, reasonable and effective blood transfusion.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility of suspended RBC transported by pneumatic tube system(PTS). For blood products, especially the red blood cells, being transported fast and arrived safely provide reference for clinical departments. MethodsFirst, we transported 77 bags of suspended RBC within 5 to 10 days by using PTS, and then detected changes of free hemoglobin (FHb) content, electrolyte and temperature before and after transportation. We record the time consuming by the transportation at the same time for the test. ResultsThe suspended RBC within 5 to 10 days transporting by PTS did not lead to any significant differences for the test results of FHb content, electrolyte and temperature before and after transportation (P>0.05). And the time of transporting blood by PTS is obviously less than drawing by people. ConclusionThe transport of suspended RBC by PTS is theoretically possible. The PTS can guarantee the safety of blood transportation. More samples are in need for the experimental research in order to provide a more detailed data support.
ObjectiveTo explore the necessity and feasibility of RBC blood typing by molecular technique for unidentified blood group. MethodsThe blood group was identified by serological test and molecular detection. Results
ObjectiveIn order to find a way to reduce the positive rate of syphilis antibody in blood donors.MethodsWe checked the information of blood donors from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2015 from the local blood collection and supply management system, and the positive ones were statistically analyzed from aspects including donating year, age, gender, occupation and education. ResultsWe found that there were 904 cases of syphilis antibody positive samples out of the total 163 933 blood specimens from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2015, the positive rate was 0.55%. From 2011 to 2015, blood syphilis antibody positive rate showed a downward trend. The age distribution is: the syphilis antibody positive rate of 18~25 years old age group is the lowest. The gender distribution is: the syphilis antibody positive rate is lower in males than in females. The occupational distribution is: the syphilis antibody positive rates of farmers, individuals, and others are the top high 3, while that of soldiers, students, teachers, medical personnel, civil servants donors are low, which shows that the syphilis antibody positive rate of blood donors increases with the decrease of levels of education. ConclusionFrom 2011 to 2015, local blood syphilis antibody positive rate showed a downward trend, in order to furtherly reduce the syphilis antibody positive rate of the blood donors, we should do publicity recruitment of voluntary blood donation in the light of the beneficial aspects of the statistical results of age, occupation and educational background, improve the construction of fixed blood donation team, and carry out syphilis screening before blood donation as soon as possible.
ObjectiveTo compare the effect of blood group typing for ABO and RhD by using Metis-200 (Shenzhen Icahn) automatic blood analyzer and Xantus + Poseidon. MethodsTwo kinds of automatic blood analyzers were used to test 24 866 blood samplesblood interference, and comparative analysis. ResultsAccurate interpretation of the ABO blood group by the two analyzers was 100%. Metis-200 and Xantus dual robotics pipette joint Poseidon digital instrument presented seven and five cases of ABO blood group subtypes, respectively (P > 0.05 ); irregular antibodies were detected in 16 and 9 cases (P>0.05 ). 76 samples with different degrees of blood fat were examined by the two instruments for the anti-interference test, and the correct interpretation rate was 100%. Haemolysis interference test, when Hb concentration was less than or equal to 27 g/L, showed no negative impact on the interpretation of "UV" micro plate method. Conclusion
Objective By adopting the method of retrospective analysis to find out the clinical blood using level, composition with variation characteristics in our orthopedics surgeries in the recent3years of single diseases, in order to promote the level of orthopedics surgery of single disease, to provide basis for further research on clinical, surgical blood transfusion in this field. Methods We collected our hospital orthopedic surgeries from January2015to December2013with each component of the blood volume, single disease cases number, surgical blood loss, then made comparison with3years orthopedic disease with the variation characteristics of blood, searching for single disease guidance of orthopedic surgery blood transfusion. Results The average amount of blood, plasma in knee replacement surgery, femoral head replacement surgery, hip joint replacement, limb skeleton, lumbar open reduction, internal fixation, posterior decompression device with internal fixationwere2.6U/152.1ml, 2.3U/170.6ml, 2.6U/158.5ml, 2.7U/144.8ml, 2.5U/95.4ml. The blood using level is closely related with blood, preoperative evaluation, operative method, application of blood conservation techniques to carry out, tourniquet, hemostatic drugs. Conclusion The orthopedic surgery of single diseases of blood analysis is helpful to improve the level of clinical blood usage in our hospital
ObjectiveTo investigate the current status of non-fermentative bacteria infection and antibiotic resistance in the hospital from 2012 to 2014, in order to provide reference for reasonable clinical utilization．MethodsThe distribution and drug resistance of non-fermentative bacteria which were collected from specimens of hospitalized patients from 2012 to 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. ResultsA total of 3997 strains of non-fermentative bacteria were harvested, the top three species include 1794 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (44.9%), 1674 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii(41.9%) and 252 strains of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (6.3%). The source of non-fermentative bacteria specimen were mainly sputum (78.61%), secretions and pus (11.23%) in the departments of intensive care unit, respiration, neurosurgery and geriatrics. Drug sensitivity test results showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa to amikacin, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin were relatively sensitive, with the rate of resistance to < 2 0%. However, a high percentages of drug resistance to hydrocarbon mildew alkenes was found.; Acinetobacter baumannii, except for 35.43% of resistance to amikacin exhibited a high antibacterial drug resistance (over 70%). Stenortrophomonas maltophilia presented a sensitive response to all of the antibiotics tested. ConclusionThe mechanism of drug resistance of non-fermentative bacteria seems to be complex, and the bacteria have a high resistance to most of clinically used antibiotics, attention should be paid to drug sensitivity tests and rational use of antimicrobial agents.
ObjectiveTo study the clinical significance of detecting NT-proBNP and homocysteine(HCY) in the patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. MethodsAccording to the severity of coronary artery disease and coronary arteriography, 1 1 9 cases were divided into different groups, and 50 healthy persons were used as control group. All cases were individually measured for NT-proBNP and HCY. ResultsThe levels of NT-proBNP and HCY in the groups of AMI ,UAP, and SAP were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05 ), and the highest levels were noted in AMI group (P<0.05 ). The levels of NT-proBNP and HCYvaried significantly in the patients with single, double or multiple vessels disease. ConclusionThe serum NT-proBNP and HCY levels are associated with severity of coronary artery diseases. Detection of both serum components is has clinical significance in appropriate treatments of coronary heart disease.
ObjectiveTo investigate the CLIA and TP-ELISA for detection of antibody against syphilis. Methods4 7 6 cases of PubMed,VIP,WangFang and CNKI database were searched out, and analyzed by RevMan 4 .2 . Results11 articles reported a total of 2 5 4 1 3 patients. Tests for heterogeneity χ2= 2.05 , df=10（P>0.05）showed the relative risk of the combined result [OR=1.01 ,95% CI（0.93 ,1.09）, P>0.05] and 9 5% CI horizontal and vertical study line（on behalf of RR=1） intersect. It was found that the difference of CLIA and TP-ELISA for detection of antibodies to syphilis was not statistically significant. ConclusionsELISA and CLIA methods are clinically useful and reliable for screening of Treponema pallidum infection before surgery or blood transfusion.
ObjectiveELISA detection for anti HCV was compared with fluorescent PCR detection for HCV RNA in blood bank so as to evaluate the necessity of the fluorescent PCR detection for the safety ensurance of clinical blood transfusion. Methods149200 blood samples were collected to detect the hepatitis C virus from April 31 , 2014 to May 1 , 2013. ResultsELISA detection showed 610 cases of positive anti- HCV specimens , and 148590 cases of negative specimens.. Among the 610 positive cases fluorescent PCR test gave rise to 490 cases of positive HCV-RNA（80.32%,49 / 610）;in 148 590 samples with negative anti-HCV 298 cases were identified for HCV-RNA by fluorescent PCR test. （0.2%,298 /148 590）. ConclusionAdditional application of HCV RNA detection to the individuals who exhibited negative results of anti -HCV tested by ELISA for may ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion.
ObjectiveTo assess the value of rapid screening of four infectious agents of HBsAg, Anti-HCV, Anti-TP, and Ant-HIV1/2 by direct chemiluminescence immunoassay before gastrointestinal endoscopy. Methods561 inpatients and outpatients from April 13 th, 2015 to April 20 th, 2015 were selected All cases were subjected to rapid detection for four infectious indicators by Immune chromatography and direct chemiluminescence immunoassay at the same time. Positive results from these two methods were retested by ELISA for comparison of the two methods.ResultsAmong the 5 6 1 cases, 11(1.96%) were HBsAg positive 11(1.96%) , 11（1.96%）were anti-HCV positive, 19（3.39%）were anti TP positive, and 5（0.89%）were anti HIV-1/2 positive when tested by immune chromatography. Positive cases of direct chemiluminescence immunoassay included 11（1.96%）of HBsAg, 4（0.71%）of anti-HCV, 8（1.43%）of anti-TP, and 3（0.53%）of anti HIV-1/2. Positive cases tested by both two method were redetected with ELISA, and the results showed were:11（100%）of HBsAg, 2（18.18%）of anti-HCV, 8（42.11%）of anti-TP, and 0（0%）of anti HIV-1/2 in immunochromatography positive samples. The positive cases of direct chemiluminescence immunoassay that were redetected by ELISA presented 11（100%）of HBsAg, 2（50%）of anti-HCV, 8（100%） of anti-TP, and 0（0%）of anti- HIV-1 /2. ConclusionCompared to immune chromatography, direct chemiluminescence immunoassay , which is more economical, efficient and accurate, has a high positive rate in retest of HBsAg, anti-HCV , anti-TP and anti-HIV1/2 for clinical serum screening.
ObjectiveTo understand and grasp the basic situation of conversion from the city mutual assistance donors into voluntary unpaid donors. To enhance a more targeted work plan managing to carry out the transformation of mutual assistance donors to voluntary unpaid donors. MethodsBy random investigation into the city mutual assistance donors with a whole number of 2,035 people, collecting their relevant information and doing statistical analysis. Results
ObjectiveBy screening the Mur antigen and anti-Mur among the blood donors of Panyu district of Guangzhou, analyzing the frequencies and distribution characteristics of Mur blood group in the area. MethodBy using monoclonal anti-Mur reagent and 96-well micro plate method, Mur antigen of blood donors were screened. By using Mur antigen positive red blood cells reagent, anti-Mur of plasma samples were screened, the screened positive samples were carried out antibody specific identification. ResultsIn 3 000 samples of blood donors, 215 cases of Mur antigen positive samples were detected, the frequency was 7.17%. In 15 000 samples of blood donors 30 cases of anti-Mur were screened and identified, the frequency was 0.20%. ConclusionThere is a relatively high frequency of Mur antigen distribution as well as the frequency of anti-Mur in blood donors in the region. It’s necessary to increase red blood cells containing Mur antigen in the preparation of irregular antibody screening reagent cells to prevent anti -Mur antibody undetected, and furtherly reduce the risk of adverse clinical plasma transfusion reaction.
ObjectiveTo analyze the renal function of elderly patients with pneumoconiosis, and to evaluate the detection index of renal function injury. Method45 patients definitely diagnosed as pneumoconiosis,and with 32 healthy volunteers as control were collected . All the subjects were detected for creatinine（CR）,blood urea nitrogen（BUN）,uric acid（UA）and cystatin C （Cys-C）. According to the diagnostic criteria of CR, the pneumoconiosis patients were divided into 2 groups: normal and abnormal CR groups. ResultsCompared with the control,the patients with pneumoconiosis had a significant difference in CR,bUN,UA and Cys-C（P<0.05） and the abnormal rates from high to low were Cys-C,UA and bUN. Compared with the control group,Cys-C in the persons with normal creatinine increased（P<0.05）;the patients with normal CR had difference high Cys-C level （P< 0.05）,but had no difference in CR,bUN,and UA（P >0.05）. ConclusionThe elderly patients with pneumoconiosis are predisposed to renal function injury and Cys-C was a sensitive indicator of early renal function damage for the diagnosis of renal disfunction.
ObjectiveTo produce self-made internal quality-control products, and to monitor the accuracy of blood transfusion and improve indoor quality control system of the blood compatibility test. MethodsBlood samples of A, B, O, and AB types were collected, 10 cases for each type. Blood with same type was mixed and plasma was separated by centrifuge. Packed red blood cells were washed with normal saline to remove blood clots and aged RBC fragments, then mixed with equivalent CPDA maintenance liquid as RBC quality product. Rh（d） blood sample were selected, mixed with equivalent CPDA maintenance liquid as Rh（d） RBC quality product. Anti-RhD IgG was obtained commercially. Validation tests of the quality products were performed in accordance with standard operating procedures The agglutination intensity of RBC quality product with standard serum was 4+, and the agglutination intensity of quality serological with standard RBC was 2+, before used as internal quality control products. ResultsThe self-made quality products may efficiently meet the requirements of blood compatibility testing, and the products can be used for 4-6 weeks. ConclusionBlood compatibility testing laboratory can make full use of resource advantage of blood sample, by producing qualified internal quality-control products which is stable and economic.
