• 中国科学论文统计源期刊
  • 中国科技核心期刊
  • 美国化学文摘(CA)来源期刊
  • 日本科学技术振兴机构数据库(JST)
临床输血与检验

临床输血与检验 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 761-766.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2587.2025.06.003

• 循证医学 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国人RhD、C、c、E、e抗原分布国内大数据分析

胡俊华1, 熊海玉2, 刘志伟3, 邵树军4, 田英5, 章白苓6, 王大方7, 余泽波8, 吴昌松9, 王新华10, 贾军会10, 辛文龙11, 胡海亮12, 高小文13, 李军14, 陈静15, 朱培元16, 刘智勇17, 刘娟18, 马曙轩19, 陈善昌20, 颜小平21, 邵智利22, 张晓萍23, 倪文旭24, 马海梅25, 陈麟凤26, 黄远帅27, 霍彩虹28, 王岩29, 尚楠30, 杨舸31, 张芃1, 马婉茹1, 刘燕明1, 宫济武1, 赵桐茂32   

  1. 1北京医院输血科,国家老年医学中心,中国医学科学院老年医学研究院,北京 100730;
    2湖南省肿瘤医院输血科,长沙 410013;
    3浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院输血科,杭州 310020;
    4河南省肿瘤医院输血科,郑州 450008;
    5南方医科大学第八附属医院输血科,佛山 528308;
    6南昌大学第二附属医院输血科,南昌 330006;
    7广元市中心医院输血科,广元 628017;
    8重庆医科大学附属第一医院输血科,重庆 400016;
    9黔南布依族苗族自治州人民医院输血科,黔南 558000;
    10航天中心医院输血科,北京 100049;
    11贵阳市妇幼保健院（贵阳市儿童医院）输血科,贵阳 550003;
    12安徽医科大学第一附属医院输血科,合肥 230022;
    13汉中市中心医院输血科,汉中 723000;
    14重庆市人民医院输血科,重庆 401147;
    15河北医科大学第三医院输血科,石家庄 050051;
    16南京中医药大学附属南京中医院输血科,南京 210000;
    17攀枝花市中心医院输血科,攀枝花 617067;
    18达州市中西医结合医院输血科,达州 635000;
    19首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院输血科,北京 100032;
    20贺州市人民医院输血科,贺州 542899;
    21自贡市第三人民医院输血科,自贡 643020;
    22河北省儿童医院输血科,石家庄 050031;
    23甘肃省人民医院输血科,兰州 734047;
    24中国人民解放军中部战区总医院输血医学科,武汉 430012;
    25清华大学北京清华长庚医院输血科,北京 102218;
    26首都医科大学附属北京世纪坛医院输血科,北京 100038;
    27西南医科大学附属医院输血科,泸州 646000;
    28西安交通大学第一附属医院榆林医院输血科,榆林 719000;
    29营口市人民医院输血科,营口 115000;
    30开封市儿童医院输血科,开封 475000;
    31自贡市妇幼保健院输血医学科,自贡 643000;
    32原美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）,贝塞斯达 20892
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-05 出版日期:2025-12-20 发布日期:2025-12-24
  • 通讯作者: 赵桐茂,主要从事分子免疫血液学和分子免疫遗传学方面研究,E-mail：tomzhao407@hotmail.com。共同通信作者：宫济武,主要从事临床输血管理、临床输血质量控制方面研究,E-mail：gongjiwu1983@bjhmoh.cn。
  • 作者简介:胡俊华,主要从事免疫血液学、血型基因检测、临床用血管理方面研究,E-mail：94026185@qq.com。

Big Data Analysis of the Domestic Distribution of RhD, C, c, E, e Antigens in the Chinese Population

HU Junhua1, XIONG Haiyu2, LIU Zhiwei3, SHAO Shujun4, TIAN Ying5, ZHANG Bailing6, WANG Dafang7, YU Zebo8, WU Changsong9, WANG Xinhua10, JIA Junhui10, XIN Wenlong11, HU Hailiang12, GAO Xiaowen13, LI Jun14, CHEN Jing15, ZHU Peiyuan16, LIU Zhiyong17, LIU Juan18, MA Shuxuan19, CHEN Shanchang20, YAN Xiaoping21, SHAO Zhili22, ZHANG Xiaoping23, NI Wenxu24, MA Haimei25, CHEN Linfeng26, HUANG Yuanshuai27, HUO Caihong28, WANG Yan29, SHANG Nan30, YANG Ge31, ZHANG Peng1, MA Wanru1, LIU Yanming1, GONG Jiwu1, ZHAO Tongmao32   

  1. 1Department of Blood Transfusion, Beijing Hospital, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing 100730;
    2Department of Blood Transfusion, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410013;
    3Department of Blood Transfusion, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310020;
    4Department of Blood Transfusion, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008;
    5Department of Blood Transfusion, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan 528308;
    6Department of Blood Transfusion, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006;
    7Department of Blood Transfusion, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Guangyuan 628017;
    8Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016;
    9Department of Blood Transfusion, The People's Hospital of Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Qiannan 558000;
    10Department of Blood Transfusion, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049;
    11Department of Blood Transfusion, Guiyang Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital (Guiyang Children's Hospital), Guiyang 550003;
    12Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022;
    13Department of Blood Transfusion, Hanzhong Central Hospital, Hanzhong 723000;
    14Department of Blood Transfusion, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing 401147;
    15Department of Blood Transfusion, Hebei Medical University Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051;
    16Department of Blood Transfusion, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210000;
    17Department of Blood Transfusion, Panzhihua Central Hospital, Panzhihua 617067;
    18Department of Blood Transfusion, Dazhou Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Dazhou 635000;
    19Department of Blood Transfusion, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100032;
    20Department of Blood Transfusion, The People's Hospital of Hezhou City, Hezhou 542899;
    21Department of Blood Transfusion, Zigong Third People's Hospital, Zigong 643020;
    22Department of Blood Transfusion, Hebei Children's Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050031;
    23Department of Blood Transfusion, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 734047;
    24Department of Transfusion Medicine, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan 430012;
    25Department of Blood Transfusion, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing 102218;
    26Department of Blood Transfusion, Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038;
    27Department of Blood Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000;
    28Department of Blood Transfusion, Yulin Hospital the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yulin 719000;
    29Department of Blood Transfusion, Yingkou Central Hospital, Yingkou 115000;
    30Department of Blood Transfusion, Kaifeng Children's Hospital, Kaifeng 475000;
    31Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zigong Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zigong 643000;
    32National Institutes of Health , Bethesda 20892 USA
  • Received:2025-09-05 Online:2025-12-20 Published:2025-12-24

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摘要： 目的 了解中国人RhD、C、c、E、e抗原在国内的分布情况,探讨不同地区和不同民族Rh血型分布的遗传学关系。方法 收集全国34个省市自治区53个民族1 048 519例中国人RhD、C、c、E、e抗原分布资料并进行群体遗传学分析,采用最大似然方法计算Rh基因频率和单倍型频率;根据Hardy-Weinberg平衡吻合度测验评估资料的可靠性。结果 Rh血型在全国34个省市自治区和16个民族中的分布与Hardy-Weinberg平衡相吻合。RHD和RHCE等位基因频率,以及Rh单倍型频率与受检者的籍贯相关。在北方人和南方人中,RhD阳性占比分别为99.55%和99.61%,RhD阴性占比分别为0.45%和0.39%。具有亚洲人特征的DCe单倍型频率分别为0.625 9和0.683 5,RHCE*Ce基因频率分别为0.641 6和0.701 4。结论 本报告所分析的数据是在全国范围按照统一标准收集,受检者数量超过100万人。通过分析获得的衍生数据,可以作为中国各地区的对照资料,用于疾病关联研究、人类学研究以及输血医学研究。

关键词: Rh血型, 单倍型频率, 基因频率, 群体遗传学, 输血

Abstract: Objective To understand the distribution of RhD, C, c, E and e antigens among Chinese people in China, and to explore the genetic relationships of Rh blood type distribution across different regions and ethnic groups. Methods Data on the distribution of RhD, C, c, E, and e antigens from 1 048 519 Chinese individuals across 34 provinces, municipalities directly under the Central Government, and autonomous regions were collected for population genetic analysis. The maximum likelihood method was used to calculate the Rh gene frequency and haplotype frequency. The reliability of the data was evaluated by the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium fit test. Results The distribution of Rh blood type in 34 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions and 16 ethnic groups in China was consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The allele frequencies of RHD and RHCE, as well as the Rh haplotype frequencies, were associated with the subjects' place of origin. Among northerners and southerners, the RhD-positive rates were 99.55% and 99.61% respectively, and the RhD-negative rates were 0.45% and 0.39% respectively. The frequencies of DCe haplotype with Asian characteristics were 0.625 9 and 0.683 5, and the frequencies of the RHCE*Ce allele were 0.641 6 and 0.701 4, respectively. Conclusion The data analyzed in this report were collected nationwide using uniform standards, with over one million subjects examined. The derived data obtained through analysis can be used as control data for various regions in China and used in disease association studies, anthropological studies, and transfusion medicine research.

Key words: Rh blood group, Haplotype frequency, Gene frequency, Population genetics, Blood transfusion

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