Progress in Fetal and Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-2587.2025.06.022

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL TRANSFUSION AND LABORATORY MEDICINE ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 882-888.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2587.2025.06.022

Progress in Fetal and Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia

XIE Wenju, FU Zike, WANG Qiushi

Department of Blood Transfusion, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical Uninversity, Shenyang 110003

Received:2025-02-08 Published:2025-12-24

Abstract

Abstract: Fetal and Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is a condition characterized by the immune-mediated destruction of fetal platelets, which occurs when IgG-specific antibodies from the mother cross the placenta. This process leads to thrombocytopenia in the fetus and/or neonate, giving rise to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as purpura, bruising, intracranial hemorrhage, and even intrauterine fetal death. In Caucasians, the primary antibody responsible for FNAIT is HPA1a antibody, whereas in Asian populations, antibodies such as anti-HPA3a, anti-HPA15, and anti-CD36 may also play a role. Notably, some of these antibodies not only target platelets but also impair placental trophoblast cells, thereby increasing the risk of severe adverse pregnancy outcomes. This review aims to summarize the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, prevention strategies, and treatment options for FNAIT.

Key words: Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, Thrombocytopenia, Human platelet alloantigen, Intracranial hemorrhage

CLC Number:

R722.1

XIE Wenju, FU Zike, WANG Qiushi. Progress in Fetal and Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia[J]. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL TRANSFUSION AND LABORATORY MEDICINE, 2025, 27(6): 882-888.

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Progress in Fetal and Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia

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