Abstract: Objective To analyze the distribution patterns of ABO blood types, Rh phenotypes (D, C, c, E, e), and irregular antibodies in our hospitalized patients with malignant tumors, and explore their correlation with tumor types. Methods We statistically analyzed the distribution of blood types, irregular antibodies, and the frequency of Rh antigen distribution from the laboratory results of 7 567 hospitalized patients with malignant tumors admitted to our hospital from March 2021 to June 2024. Results ①The distribution of ABO blood types was B (31.14%)>A (29.56%)>O (29.40%)>AB (9.90%). Compared with the ABO blood type distribution among blood donors in Shaanxi Province, the ABO blood type distribution among patients with digestive system malignancies shows a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Compared with the overall ABO blood type distribution in China, the ABO blood type distribution among patients with digestive system malignancies (P<0.001), the differences in the distribution of ABO blood groups for hemolymphatic (P<0.001), respiratory (P<0.05) and other (P<0.05) malignancies were statistically significant. ②The distribution of Rh phenotypes among RhD-positive patients was CCDee (39.90%)>CcDEe (38.53%)>CcDee (8.96%)>ccDEE (7.84%)>ccDEe (3.65%)>CCDEe (0.55%)>ccDee (0.41%)>CcDEE (0.16%). Statistical analysis indicates that the distribution of Rh phenotypes among RhD-positive population was different among hospitalized patients with malignant tumors of different ABO blood groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Further analysis showed that the differences in the distribution of ccDEE phenotypes among different ABO blood groups were statistically significant (P<0.05), while the differences in other phenotypes among ABO blood groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). ③The antigen frequency of Rh phenotypes from highest to lowest, is D(99.31%), e(92.04%), C(87.80%), c(59.80%), and E(50.47%), which were basically consistent with the positivity distribution of Rh phenotype in healthy blood donors in Xi'an, and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).④The results of the initial screening for irregular antibodies were negative in 7 452 cases (98.48%), positive in 115 cases (1.52%), and changed from negative to positive in a total of 89 cases, with the highest percentage of positives being hematologic-lymphatic malignancies (63.24%). The results of initial screening for irregular antibodies were negative in 7 452 cases (98.48%) and positive in 115 cases (1.52%). Among these, 89 cases shifted from negative to positive, with the highest proportion of positives being hematolymphatic malignancies (63.24%). Conclusion The distribution of ABO and Rh blood types among malignant tumor patients was correlated with tumor types, particularly prominent in the digestive and hematolymphatic systems. The distribution of the ccDEE phenotype among RhD-positive patients also varied significantly among different ABO blood types. The changes in irregular antibodies suggest that patients with hematolymphatic malignancies should be closely monitored for blood transfusion during hospitalization.

Key words: Malignant tumor, ABO blood type, Rh phenotype, Irregular antibody screening