Advances in Ultra-sensitive HBV Detection Technologies and Their Transfusion Applications

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-2587.2025.05.015

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL TRANSFUSION AND LABORATORY MEDICINE ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 681-688.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2587.2025.05.015

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Advances in Ultra-sensitive HBV Detection Technologies and Their Transfusion Applications

YI Meng¹, ZHONG Xiaolong², WANG Yang¹, DU Xiaolin¹, FAN Bin¹, DUAN Xiaoqiong¹

¹Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu 610052;
²The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang 621000

Received:2025-09-01 Revised:2025-09-08 Online:2025-10-20 Published:2025-10-11

Abstract

Abstract: Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI), characterized by extremely low viral loads and the persistent latency of intrahepatic cccDNA, poses a profound challenge to global public health security. Its prevention and control have long been constrained by the sensitivity limitations of conventional diagnostic methods, highlighting the urgent need for technological breakthroughs. Emerging detection technologies are driving progress from multiple perspectives: droplet digital PCR enables ultra-sensitive quantification through micro-compartmentalized amplification; CRISPR-Cas systems coupled with isothermal amplification are advancing the development of point-of-care diagnostics; third-generation sequencing technologies open new dimensions for viral genome analysis; and nanomaterial-mediated signal amplification mechanisms are reshaping screening models at the primary-care level. This review summarizes recent advances in OBI diagnostic technologies, provides a comprehensive analysis of their advantages, limitations, and transfusion-related applications, and offers recommendations to support improved OBI risk control in blood transfusion and the development of novel diagnostic strategies tailored to China's national context.

Key words: Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI), Transfusion safety, Blood screening, Ultra-sensitive detection, Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), CRISPR-Cas

CLC Number:

R457

YI Meng, ZHONG Xiaolong, WANG Yang, DU Xiaolin, FAN Bin, DUAN Xiaoqiong. Advances in Ultra-sensitive HBV Detection Technologies and Their Transfusion Applications[J]. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL TRANSFUSION AND LABORATORY MEDICINE, 2025, 27(5): 681-688.

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Advances in Ultra-sensitive HBV Detection Technologies and Their Transfusion Applications

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