With the continuous discovery of immune checkpoints and development of antibody drugs, the application of antibody drugs in tumors has become more and more widespread. However, some immune checkpoints are expressed not only in tumor cells but also in normal erythrocytes, so the application of such drugs may interfere with the transfusion compatibility test, leading to difficulties in blood matching and delays in transfusion. CD47, also known as Integrin Associated Protein (IAP), is a transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of a variety of cells and key signaling molecule of "Don't eat me". Although some clinical trials of anti-CD47 antibody have encountered challenges in recent years, research and development activity in this area remains active, showing its potential in cancer treatment. The purpose of this consensus is to summarize the interference of CD47 antibody on transfusion compatibility test and recommend methods such as using lack IgG4 anti-globulin and anti-idiotype antibody to remove the interference and provide a guarantee for safe clinical blood transfusion.
Objective To investigate the expression changes and significance of pri-miR-223 associated with prolonged storage time during platelet storage. Methods Blood cell analyzer was used to detect platelet mass at different preservation times (1, 3, 5 days), and metabolomic analysis was performed. The Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR) method was developed to evaluate its sensitivity and reproducibility. The ddPCR was used to detect the expression level of pri-miR-223 in platelet at different storage times, and to analyze the effect and significance of PRI-Mir-223 on platelet storage lesion (PSL). Results There were no significant differences in platelet count (PLT), platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR), mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) among different preservation times with extended times (P>0.05). A total of 955 metabolites were identified by metabolomics, of which 54 metabolites were up-regulated and 6 metabolites were down-regulated. The developed ddPCR method showed good specificity and high sensitivity. The standard curve showed good linear correlation (Y=0.973 6 X+0.083 2). The R² value was 0.9984, and linear dynamic range sensitivity was 3.3×100~1.9×105 copies /μL. The ddPCR results showed that the expression level of pri-miR-223 on day 3 and 5 was significantly lower than that on day 1. Conclusion With extended storage time, PLT, P-LCR, MPV, and PDW were not affected, and some metabolites were changed at the end of the storage period, and ddPCR analysis showed the expression level of pri-miR-223 decreased, which may be related with the regulation of pri-miR-223 expression.
Objective To investigate the changes in platelet function among smokers and the underlying causes, as well as the potential molecular mechanisms that may induce atherosclerosis. Methods A total of 122 samples from first-time male platelet-apheresis donors at Suzhou Blood Center were collected, which were divided into an experimental group (smokers) and a control group (non-smokers) based on smoking history, with ensuing analyses on platelet parameters, platelet activation level, platelet function, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and mitochondrial function. Results Compared with the control group, the mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) in smokers were significantly increased (P<0.05), while platelet count showed no significant difference (P>0.05). Smokers' platelets presented increased CD62P and αⅡbβ3 (P<0.05), but after thrombin activation, the expression of CD62P and αⅡbβ3 was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05), and the subsequent release of PF4 was insufficient (P<0.05). Moreover, TEG test results in smokers indicated a significant decrease in the R value (P<0.05) and a significant increase in the MA value compared to non-smokers (P<0.05), with no significant difference in the K value (P>0.05). Importantly, the level of ROS in smokers' platelets was significantly elevated (P<0.05), and the expression of mitochondrial probes was significantly reduced (P<0.05). Conclusion Smokers exhibit basal platelet activation, but upon thrombin activation, there is insufficient platelet activation and restricted release function, accompanied by elevated ROS production and compromised mitochondrial functionality.
Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of knockdown of Hsa_circ_0020080 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of human breast cancer cells by regulating lipid metabolism. Methods Quantitative real-time fluorescence PCR (qRT PCR) was used to validate the efficiency of Hsa_circ_0020080 knockdown and the expression levels of MDM2, VEGF, FASN, HMGCR, CPT1A, SREBP1. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of MDM2 and VEGF proteins. Cell proliferation function was examined in vitro using colony formation and CCK8 assays; Transwell migration and matrigel invasion experiments were conducted to detect cell migration and invasion functions. Transplanted tumor model of nude mice was established in vivo. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of MDM2, VEGF, FASN, HMGCR, and SREBP1ere detected by. Oil red O staining and triglyceride assay kit were used to detect the expression levels of triglyceride. Functional rescue experiments were conducted by the effective inhibitor of fatty acid synthase FASN (C75). Results The Knockdown of Hsa_circ_0020080 in vitro could increase the colony formation, proliferation, migration and invasion ability of breast cancer cells, promote the expression of MDM2, VEGF, FASN, HMGCR, CPT1A, SREBP1 genes and MDM2, VEGF proteins, and increase the triglyceride content of breast cancer cells; The Knockdown of Hsa_circ_0020080 in vivo promotes the growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice, increases the expression of MDM2, VEGF, FASN, HMGCR, SREBP1 proteins, and triglyceride levels in xenograft tumors of nude mice. C75 can partially rescue proliferation, migration and invasion ability of breast cancer cells with the knockdown of Hsa_circ_0020080. Conclusion Knockdown of Hsa_circ_0020080 promotes the proliferation, invasion and migration of breast cancer cells through lipid metabolism, which plays an important biological role in the development of breast cancer.
Objective To study the mechanism of platelet clearance caused by anti-CD36 antibodies in vivo. Methods The monoclonal antibody (mAb) 32-106 (IgG2a) was injected into the C57BL/6J female mice at a concentration of 2 mg/kg, and the platelet counts of these mice were detected at 0 h before injection, 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h and 24 h after injection. The F (ab') 2 segment of 32-106 was obtained by digestion with pepsin and then injected into the C57BL/6J mice to analyze its clearance effect on CD36 (+) platelets. Subsequently, other subclasses of mAb 32-106 were generated and injected into the mice to analyze its clearance effect on CD36 (+) platelets. Results mAb 32-106 IgG2a significantly decreased the number of CD36 (+) platelets in C57BL/6J female mice (P<0.05) in vivo. However, the F (ab') 2 segment of mAb 32-106 did not cause platelet clearance in female mice. The C57BL/6J female mice receiving 2 mg/kg of 32-106 IgG1 or 32-106 IgG3 also experienced decreased platelet counts. Compared with 32-106 IgG2a, the thrombocytopenia induced by 32-106 IgG3 or 32-106 IgG1 was not significant in mice. Conclusion The clearance of CD36 (+) platelets caused by anti-CD36 antibodies in vivo is in an Fc-dependent pathway, and anti-CD36 IgG2a antibody has a significant effect on CD36 (+) platelet clearance.
Objective In immunohematological tests, IgA blood type antibodies may be missed due to the general lack of anti-IgA. It is necessary to understand the distribution of IgA and IgG antibodies on red blood cells of patients to analyze the potential influence of IgA antibodies on anemia in patients. Methods The Samples collected from patients applying for crossmatching between March and August 2023 were tested for IgA and IgG antibodies using flow cytometry after routine serological testing. Results In 71 cases, 56 IgA antibodies were detected by flow cytometry, which was significantly higher than that reported in domestic and foreign literatures; 56 IgG antibodies were detected. The positive rate was higher than that of conventional serological methods. Conclusion In cases of suspected autoimmune hemolytic anemia or hemolytic blood transfusion reaction with clinical manifestations but negative direct antibody tests, IgA antibody testing should be added to reduce missed detection.
Objective To identify transfusion reactions caused by bacterial infections and improve the clinical diagnosis rate. Methods A retrospective analysis of transfusion reactions caused by bacterial contamination of platelet in our hospital from 2021 to 2023 was conducted to summarize the symptoms of transfusion adverse reactions in different patients and learn about their individual differences. Results A total of 11 cases of blood transfusion transmitted bacterial infections, including 6 males and 5 females, most of whom were hematological patients, showed elevated body temperature and persistent high fever in severe blood transfusion reactions. Different patients show different symptoms and signs, and it is easy to be confused with other transfusion reactions. Due to the disease type and pre-transfusion medication, there was no significant difference between leukocyte cells before and after transfusion reaction, and the platelet count increased after transfusion reaction but did not meet the effective transfusion standard. The mean C reactive protein after transfusion reaction was about 2 times that of before transfusion reaction, P>0.05, without statistically significant difference. The mean values of procalcitonin and interleukin-6 tests were 100 times higher than normal. Body temperature increased significantly after the transfusion reaction, with statistically significant differences, P<0.05. Conclusions The clinical symptoms of apheresis platelet-related transfusion-transmitted bacterial infection vary greatly, fever is the main manifestation, the differentiation is relatively difficult, and the relevant infection index can be used as auxiliary diagnosis.
Objective This study retrospectively investigates and analyzes the occurrence of ABO hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (ABO-HDFN) at Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital. It aims to explore the factors influencing bilirubin levels and serological test results in children diagnosed with ABO-HDFN. Methods A total of 1 131 children diagnosed with ABO-HDFN between January 2022 and December 2023 were selected for analysis. Serum total bilirubin (TBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), hemoglobin (Hb), and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels were measured. Additionally, three serological tests for hemolysis were performed. Clinical data, including birth weight, gestational age, and neonatal age, were collected to analyze the factors influencing bilirubin levels, the incidence of hemolysis, and its severity. Results Among the 1 131 children diagnosed with ABO hemolysis, the median gestational age was 39.14 (38, 40.14) weeks, and the median birth weight was 3 240 (2 890, 3 540) grams. Significant differences in TBIL and IBIL levels were observed in relation to birth weight, multiple births, gestational age, mode of delivery, feeding method, and neonatal age (P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in TBIL and IBIL levels based on gender, blood type, or gravida (P>0.05). The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) had a positive rate of 19.36% (219/1 131), the free antibody test had a positive rate of 84.08% (951/1 131), and the release test had a positive rate of 100%. Based on the serological test results, the children were categorized into "three positives," "two positives," and "one positive" groups, with significant differences in TBIL, IBIL, Hb, and COHb levels among these groups (P<0.05). The highest positive rates for DAT and the free antibody test were observed in children aged≤3 days, at 29.22% (161/551) and 90.74% (500/551), respectively. In children aged 4-7 days, the positive rates were 11.31% (57/504) and 79.96% (403/504), respectively, while in children aged ≥8 days, the rates were 1.32% (1/76) and 63.1% (48/76), respectively. As neonatal age increased, the positive rates for DAT and the free antibody test significantly decreased (P<0.001). Conclusion The severity of ABO-HDFN is associated with the results of the three serological tests, as well as Hb and COHb levels. For children with maternal-infant ABO blood type incompatibility, timely monitoring of bilirubin levels and performing the three serological tests are crucial for the prevention and management of ABO-HDFN.
Objective To discuss the distribution of ABO blood type and the correlation between ABO blood type and malignant tumors in Hunan Province. This is to accumulate blood type distribution data and reveal the potential correlation between ABO blood type and malignant tumors to provide a basis for auxiliary disease diagnosis and blood inventory management. Methods The clinical data of patients with ABO blood type and healthy physical examination subjects in the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from 2016 to 2023 were collected. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the distribution of ABO blood type. The chi-square (χ2) test was used to compare the distribution of ABO blood types between patients with malignant tumors and healthy groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) of ABO blood type in tumor groups. Results The ABO blood type distribution In Hunan Province was type O (35.02%)>type A (34.45%)>type B (22.42%)>type AB (8.10%). The ABO blood type distribution in patients with gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer and cervical cancer was A>O>B>AB. The ABO blood type distribution in patients with leukemia and lymphoma was O>A>B>AB. The difference was statistically significant compared with the healthy group by χ2 test (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that in Hunan Province, the OR of colorectal cancer, breast cancer and cervical cancer in people with type A and O was significantly higher than that in people with type AB; the OR of gastric cancer in people with type A was significantly higher than that in people with group AB; the OR of leukemia in people with type O was significantly higher than that in people with type AB; the OR of lymphoma in people with type O and type B was significantly higher than that in people with type AB (P<0.05). Conclusion The ABO blood type distribution in Hunan Province was O>A>B>AB. Type AB is a protective factor in patients with colorectal cancer, cervical cancer and breast cancer; Type B is a protective factor in patients with gastric cancer and cervical cancer; Type A, B, and AB are protective factors in patients with leukemia and lymphoma.
Objective To investigate the possible reasons for the weakened A and/or B antigens in individuals with AB blood type, aiming to facilitate accurate identification of AB blood type. Methods A combined approach of serological testing and molecular biology was employed to identify ten AB-type individuals with weakened ABO antigens. To further explore the potential causes of ABO antigen weakening, the plasma glycosyltransferase activity and antigen expression were compared among individuals with A, B, AB blood types, and those with weakened ABO antigens, aiming to elucidate the underlying reasons for antigen weakening in all AB-type individuals. Results Among the ten AB-type individuals with weakened ABO antigens, five were identified as subtypes, 1 was suspected of leukemia, and the causes of weakening remained unclear in four cases. When compared with normal A and B types, normal AB-type individuals exhibited no significant difference in plasma glycosyltransferase activity (P>0.05), but their A and B antigen expressions were notably weaker. Among the 4 AB-type individuals with unexplained serological B antigen weakening, three showed no change in GTA activity but slightly lower GTB activity, while one exhibited decreased activities of both GTA and GTB. In contrast, individuals with blood type subtypes displayed significantly reduced plasma glycosyltransferase activities. Conclusion The ABO antigen expression in AB-type individuals may be influenced by multiple factors, including age, disease, genetic polymorphisms, epigenetic modifications, and the competitive effects of glycosyltransferases. Therefore, a comprehensive approach that integrates past medical history, case analysis, serological techniques, genotyping, glycosyltransferase activity analysis, and even epigenetic analysis should be adopted during identification to unravel the reasons for ABO antigen weakening.
Objective To explore the possibility of Kounis syndrome and its diagnosis and treatment strategies following allergic transfusion reaction. Methods A retrospective analysis was done of a patient who developed a severe allergic reaction after receiving blood transfusion. Results The patient experienced multiple allergic reactions and other transfusion-related events after receiving blood products containing plasma, manifested as systemic itching, altered mental status, blurred consciousness, and occasional chest tightness. After treatment with antihistamines and glucocorticoids, the condition improved. The most severe manifestation was sudden drop in heart rate, which was managed with vasoactive drugs and glucocorticoids, resulting in recovery after more than ten minutes. This was diagnosed as Kounis syndrome. Conclusion In cases of severe allergic transfusion reactions accompanied by cardiovascular symptoms, it is crucial to consider Kounis syndrome and a comprehensive cardiac evaluation is warranted to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment.
Objective To investigate the differences in autoantibody profiles of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) derived from distinct sex-specific plasma (DSP-IVIG). Methods To achieve this objective, we used the HuProtTM 20K arrays, a comprehensive platform for autoantibody detection, to analyze the autoantibody profiles of DSP-IVIG. Then, we did a bioinformatics analysis to characterize the differentially expressed autoantibody proteins. Results There were significant differences in the autoantibody profiles between DSP-IVIG samples. These differences mainly involved the immune regulatory network encompassing critical processes such as T cell line differentiation, IL-17 signaling pathway modulation, and the interplay of cytokines and chemokines. Conclusion Notable sex-specific variations exist in the autoantibody profiles of IVIG derived from plasma of different sexes.
Objective To analyze the blood routine parameters and iron nutrition status of male regular plateletpheresis donors in the Tianjin area, aiming to provide a basis for developing tailored care measures for blood donors and safeguarding their health and safety. Methods Totally 920 male regular blood donors of apheresis platelets at the Tianjin Blood Center from October 1 to December 31, 2023 were randomly selected to undergo blood routine, serum iron (SI), and serum ferritin (SF) tests. The data were analyzed from four dimensions: age, body mass index (BMI), blood donation interval, and annual apheresis frequency. The prevalence of low SF was compared across groups , and binary Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors influencing low SF occurrence. Results Across age groups, the trends of red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb) level, hematocrit (HCT), and platelet count (PLT) initially declined before rise (P<0.05). As BMI increased, the RBC, Hb, HCT, and SF levels showed an upward trend, There were statistically significant differences in Hb, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), PLT, SF, and SI among groups with different donation intervals (P<0.05). Donors with a donation interval of 31~60 days had higher SF and SI levels compared to the other two groups. As the number of apheresis platelet donations increased, Hb, HCT, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), SF, and SI decreased, while PLT increased without anemia symptoms. The prevalence of low SF among male regular plateletpheresis donors was 30.43%, with no statistically significant differences (P>0.05) between age or BMI groups. However, donors with a donation interval of ≤30 days had a significantly higher low SF occurrence (33.93%, P<0.05). and the incidence of low SF increased with the annual number of apheresis donations (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis confirmed that the annual number of apheresis donations as a key predictor of low SF. Conclusion Male regular plateletpheresis donors exhibit a compromised iron nutritional status, albeit without overt anemia symptoms. Shortened donation interval and increased annual donation frequency ate associated with decreased SF concentrations, suggestive of reduced iron reserves. Blood collection and supply organizations should promptly monitor donor iron nutrition, enhance health management and iron supplementation strategies, and formulate individualized care plans to safeguard donor health and maintain blood supply adequacy.
Objective To investigate the distribution of Rh phenotype among RhD positive blood donors in Liuzhou City, and to create a database for these phenotypes to aid in the blood matching with rare blood types. Methods We examined 10 870 blood samples from RhD positive unpaid blood donors in Liuzhou between September 2020 and July 2024. The presence of RhD, C, c, E and e antigens was determined using serological methods. The data obtained were used to construct a Rh phenotype database for blood donors by means of a laboratory information management system. Results Eight different Rh phenotypes were detected among the 10 870 RhD positive blood donors studied. The frequency of these phenotypes, listed from most to least common, was CCee (60.55%), CcEe (25.58%), Ccee (8.20%), ccEE (2.43%), ccEe (1.90%), CCEe (0.96%), ccee (0.22%), and CcEE (0.16%). Notably, no CCEE phenotype was observed. The positive rates of RhC, c, E and e antigens from high to low were e (97.41%), C(95.46%), c (38.49%), and E (31.03%). Conclusion The primary Rh phenotypes of RhD positive blood donors in Liuzhou are CCee and CcEe.The establishment of RhD positive blood donor phenotype database can provide timely access to compatible blood for patients facing difficult blood matching challenges.
Objective To explore the correlation between lipid metabolism and ITP disease, lipid profile in peripheral blood of patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) was detected and analysed , then compared with control group. Methods In this retrospective study, a total of 439 ITP patients and 67 age- and gender-matched healthy controls from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between January 2021 and August 2023 were enrolled to evaluate the association between lipid profiles and immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) disease activities and response to thrombopoietic drugs. Among the ITP patients, 281 received rhTPO/TPO-RA treatment and were further categorized into responder and non-responder groups based on the Chinese guideline for adult ITP diagnosis and management. The correlation between blood lipid levels and rhTPO/TPO-RA efficacy in these patients was further investigated. Results A total of 439 ITP patients and 67 healthy controls were included in this study, but there was no significant difference in blood lipid levels between the two groups. Among 281 ITP patients who received rhTPO/TPO-RA treatment, the onset time of rhTPO/TPO-RA treatment was shorter (P=0.028 3) and the platelet count elevation was higher (P=0.003 6) in the hyperlipidemia group. Conclusion The therapeutic effect of rhTPO/TPO-RA is better in ITP patients with hyperlipidemia, suggesting that hyperlipidemia in ITP patients may serve as a predictive marker for the efficacy of rhTPO/TPO-RA treatment.
Autologous blood transfusion technology serves as an efficacious solution to the clinical dilemma of blood supply and demand, as well as the challenges associated with transfusion therapy. The techniques encompass various methods, including preoperative hemodilution, intraoperative salvage, and blood storage. The core principle involves the reinfusion of the patient's own blood, which may have been banked in advance or retrieved post-hemorrhage, when transfusion is necessitated. The application of autologous blood transfusion in clinical practice has been widespread, and these techniques can markedly reduce the reliance on allogeneic blood, which not only minimizes the risks of allogeneic transfusion-related complications but also effectively circumvents the transmission of infectious diseases. Nevertheless, the implementation of autologous blood transfusion inevitably induces a cascade of pathophysiological alterations within the body. These changes have the potential to influence the pharmacodynamic profile of anesthetic agents administered during surgery, thereby impacting the process of postoperative recovery. This review focuses on recent advancements in the impact of different autologous blood transfusion techniques on the plasma concentrations of anesthetic drugs.
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a highly concentrated platelet plasma. In recent years, PRP has been widely used in the field of wound repair with the advantages of preparation from one's own blood and less immune reaction, especially in the treatment of acute trauma, chronic trauma, traumatic spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, traumatic bone infection and other diseases with significant efficacy. This paper summaries and evaluates the mechanism and application of PRP in trauma repair, in order to provide a reference for PRP in wound repair as well as scientific research and clinical treatment
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common vascular diso with complex and diverse etiologies, often presenting with atypical symptoms. The primary manifestations include deep vein thrombosis in the lower extremities and pulmonary thromboembolism. Early diagnosis and timely treatment are crucial for improving the prognosis of VTE. The border defense personnel in Xinjiang, stationed at high altitudes, experience a higher incidence of VTE. Due to limited access to first-line medical resources, clinical misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis is common. The combined use of D-dimer testing and imaging techniques plays a vital role in the accurate diagnosis and evaluation of VTE. Additionally, potential biomarkers such as von Willebrand factor and soluble P-selectin hold promise for early and rapid diagnosis, monitoring high-risk populations, and assessing the effectiveness of anticoagulant and thrombolytic therapies.
Platelets play an important role in blood aggregation and thrombosis, and their abnormal function may lead to thrombotic diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as an important component of traditional medicine, has been widely used since ancient times to regulate blood function. This paper reviews the recent studies on the effects of TCM on platelet coagulation function. Firstly, the effects of TCM on platelet adhesion, vascular wall affinity, platelet aggregation and release were discussed, including the regulation of ADP-mediated platelet aggregation and calcium influx. Secondly, the research status of some TCM used in the treatment of diseases related to platelet dysfunction was summarized. Finally, the future development direction of the combination of TCM and modern medicine was discussed, emphasizing the potential of TCM in the treatment of thrombotic diseases and the necessity of further research.
