关键词: 细菌耐药性, 抗菌药物, 革兰阴性杆菌, 革兰阳性球菌

Abstract: Objective To investigate the drug-resistance of common pathogenic bacteria from a hospital in 2014 and to provide evidences for rational use of antibiotics in the clinic. Method s1 221 strains of bacteria were isolated from clinical specimens in 2014. The pathogens were identified and retrospectively analyzed statistically by Zhuhai Dl Medical Biotech L-96 automated microbial identification system. Results Among all the 1 221 isolates,36.04% （n=440） were Gram-positive bacteria; 63.96% （n=781） were Gram-negative bacteria. The three major Gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus （12.20%,n=149）,Coagulase - negative Staphylococcus sp. （10.07%,n=123）,and Enterococcus sp. （10.16%,n=124）; The top two Gram-negative bacteria were Escherichia coli （20.06%,n=245）,and Klebsiella pneumoiae（13.27%）. The most common non-fermentative bacteria included Pseudomonas aeruginosa（11.71%,n=143） and Acinetobacter baumanii（9.99%,n=122）. In Staphylococcus,MRSA and MRCNS detection rates were 76.71% of S.aureus and 81.4% of Coagulase- negative Staphylococcus,respectively. No vancomycin and Teicoplanin resistant Staphylococcus had been found. In Gram-negative bacteria,detection rates of ESBLs were 77.2% of E. coli and 26.0% of K.pneumoiae,both were equally sensitive to carbapenems. Conclusion Hospital’s bacterial drug resistance is increased ,among them the Gram-negative bacteria dominate. The constant surveillance and control of bacterial antibiotics resistance are crucial to the rational application of antibiotics and prevention of nosocomial infection.

Key words: Bacterial resistance, Antibiotic drugs, Gram-negative bacilus, Gram-positive coccidia