红细胞ABO血型抗原减弱或缺失机制的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-2587.2025.05.016

临床输血与检验 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 689-694.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2587.2025.05.016

红细胞ABO血型抗原减弱或缺失机制的研究进展

王欣蕊, 杨洪燕, 秦冉冉, 高雨菡, 侯瑞琴

北京大学人民医院输血科,北京 100044

收稿日期:2025-09-01 修回日期:2025-09-09 出版日期:2025-10-20 发布日期:2025-10-11
通讯作者: 侯瑞琴,主要从事特殊血型、疑难配血、血型导致胎儿新生儿溶血的诊断、造血干细胞移植、紧急抢救、血友病等多种疾病的输血指导等方面研究,（E-mail）hrqjob@sina.com。
作者简介:王欣蕊,主要从事疑难血型鉴定方面研究,（E-mail）327004343@qq.com。

Progress in the Study of the Mechanism of Attenuation or Absence of ABO Blood Group Antigens in Erythrocytes

WANG Xinrui, YANG Hongyan, QIN Ranran, GAO Yuhan, HOU Ruiqin

Department of Blood Transfusion, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044

Received:2025-09-01 Revised:2025-09-09 Online:2025-10-20 Published:2025-10-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： ABO血型系统是临床输血的重要组成部分,红细胞ABO血型抗原减弱或缺失现象时有发生,给血型鉴定造成一定困难,这种现象的发生可能涉及生理、遗传及疾病等因素。ABO血型抗原减弱或缺失的原因及机制错综复杂,近年来的研究主要涉及ABO基因编码区、启动子区、5'和3'非翻译区和内含子区等区域的变异。本文针对ABO血型抗原减弱或缺失的可能原因及机制进行了分析总结,为疑难血型的精准鉴定提供依据和理论支持,丰富中国人群ABO疑难血型研究,保障临床输血的安全性和有效性。

关键词: ABO血型抗原, ABO亚型, 输血安全

Abstract: The ABO blood group system is a crucial component of blood transfusion. Attenuation or absence of ABO antigens on red blood cells is occasionally observed, posing significant challenges to blood group determination. The occurrence of such phenomena may be associated with physiological, genetic, or pathological factors. The underlying causes and mechanisms of weakened or absent ABO antigens are highly complex; recent studies have primarily focused on variations within the ABO gene coding region, promoter region, untranslated regions at the 5' and 3' ends, as well as intronic regions. This article provides an analytical summary of the potential causes and mechanisms underlying the attenuation or absence of ABO blood group antigens, offering a theoretical basis for accurate identification of complex blood groups, enriching the research on ABO blood group variants in the Chinese population, and ensuring the safety and effectiveness of clinical transfusion practice.

Key words: ABO blood group antigens, ABO subtypes, Safety of blood transfusion

中图分类号:

R457.1⁺1

王欣蕊, 杨洪燕, 秦冉冉, 高雨菡, 侯瑞琴. 红细胞ABO血型抗原减弱或缺失机制的研究进展[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2025, 27(5): 689-694.

WANG Xinrui, YANG Hongyan, QIN Ranran, GAO Yuhan, HOU Ruiqin. Progress in the Study of the Mechanism of Attenuation or Absence of ABO Blood Group Antigens in Erythrocytes[J]. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL TRANSFUSION AND LABORATORY MEDICINE, 2025, 27(5): 689-694.

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红细胞ABO血型抗原减弱或缺失机制的研究进展

Progress in the Study of the Mechanism of Attenuation or Absence of ABO Blood Group Antigens in Erythrocytes

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