Abstract: Objective To ensure the proper application of internal quality control（IQC） and external quality assessment（EQA） in laboratory，we established the quality control .Methods of blood test in blood bank.Methods The IQC of laboratory routine test in blood bank was standardized to analyze the IQC curve periodically; We actively participated in national clinical laboratory quality assessment of National Center for clinical laboratory，verification of testing ability of blood collection and blood supply system in Anhui，and the EQA of Anhui clinical laboratory center and China International Centre for transfusion infection prevention and control（CITIC）. Results In 2016，the quality control results of the laboratory blood test room were all within the control range; The results of EQA of Anhui clinical laboratory center were qualified twice. The results of qualitative tests of verification of testing ability of blood collection and blood supply system in Anhui got the full scores. The EQA of clinical laboratory center of the Ministry of public health were totally satisfied or 100% three times. The EQA of CITIC for three times were all qualified. Conclusions Establishment of an effective quality control system can ensure the accuracy and reliability of the inspection results. At the same time，according to the result of the feedback from the EQA，it can effectively evaluate the existence of systematic errors in the laboratory，which is of great importance to improve the level of blood test，to ensure the scientific and effective results and to ensure the safety of clinical blood.

Key words: Laboratory, Internal quality control , External quality assessment