• 中国科学论文统计源期刊
  • 中国科技核心期刊
  • 美国化学文摘(CA)来源期刊
  • 日本科学技术振兴机构数据库(JST)

临床输血与检验 ›› 2026, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 317-322.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2587.2026.03.003

• 专家论坛 • 上一篇    下一篇

《人类白细胞抗原(HLA)基因分型检测试剂注册审查指导原则》非临床部分解读

雷山, 吕允凤, 韩昭昭   

  1. 国家药品监督管理局医疗器械技术审评中心,北京 100163
  • 收稿日期:2026-03-19 出版日期:2026-06-20 发布日期:2026-07-07
  • 作者简介:雷山,主要从事国产第三类和进口第二类/第三类体外诊断试剂及器械的上市前注册审评工作,(E-mail)leishan@cmde.org.cn。

Interpretation of the Non-clinical Section of the “Guidance for Registration Review of Human Leukocyte Antigen Genotyping Detection Reagents”

LEI Shan, LV Yunfeng, HAN Zhaozhao   

  1. Center for Medical Device Evaluation. NMPA, Beijing 100163
  • Received:2026-03-19 Online:2026-06-20 Published:2026-07-07

摘要: 人类白细胞抗原(HLA)基因分型检测是器官移植和造血干细胞移植前必须完成的检测项目,其检测结果直接指导供体选择、免疫抑制方案制定以及移植后排斥反应的监测。因此,为确保注册上市的HLA基因分型检测试剂安全、有效和质量可控,国家药品监督管理局医疗器械技术审评中心已于近期发布《人类白细胞抗原(HLA)基因分型检测试剂注册审查指导原则》。本文旨在详细阐述该导则中非临床部分的起草背景和制定思路,解读注册申报和技术审评中对该类产品在预期用途、方法学、样本类型、准确度、精密度、检出限、技术要求性能指标和企业参考品设置等方面的具体要求,以期为相关人员应用该导则提供参考。

关键词: 人类白细胞抗原, 基因分型, 体外诊断试剂, 指导原则, 分析性能, 注册审评

Abstract: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotyping testing is a mandatory pre-transplantation procedure for organ transplantation and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The test results directly guide donor selection, design of immunosuppressive regimens, and post-transplant rejection monitoring. Therefore, to ensure the safety, efficacy, and quality control of HLA genotyping detection reagents registered for market authorization, the Center for Medical Device Evaluation of the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) has recently released the Guidance for the Registration Review of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Genotyping Detection Reagents. To facilitate a better understanding of this guidance among relevant individuals, this article interprets the specific requirements for registration applications and technical reviews. These requirements cover intended use, methodology, sample types, accuracy, precision, limit of detection, performance indicators in Product Technical Requirements, and manufacturer's reference materials settings for such products.

Key words: Human leukocyte antigen, Genotyping, In vitro diagnostic reagents, Guidelines, Analytical performance, Registration review

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