献血者对无偿献血真实体验质性研究的Meta整合

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-2587.2026.04.027

临床输血与检验 ›› 2026, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 643-652.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2587.2026.04.027

献血者对无偿献血真实体验质性研究的Meta整合

高蕊¹, 陈令辉¹, 梅潇¹, 于曼¹, 赵世钰², 赵建鹏¹

¹张家口市中心血站,河北张家口 075000;
²陕西中医药大学,陕西西安 712046

收稿日期:2026-07-07 出版日期:2026-08-20 发布日期:2026-08-26
通讯作者: 赵建鹏,主要从事献血服务、血站管理研究,（E-mail）15830591610@163.com。
作者简介:高蕊,主要从事献血服务、循证护理研究,（E-mail）1510553628@qq.com。

Meta-synthesis of Qualitative Research on Blood Donors' Real-life Experiences of Voluntary Blood Donation

GAO Rui¹, CHEN Linghui¹, MEI Xiao¹, YU Man¹, ZHAO Shiyu², ZHAO Jianpeng¹

¹Zhangjiakou Central Blood Station, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000;
²Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 712046

Received:2026-07-07 Online:2026-08-20 Published:2026-08-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的系统分析与评价献血者对无偿献血的真实体验,为后续有针对性地开展无偿献血活动提供理论依据。方法计算机检索Web of Science、PubMed、The Cochrane Library、EmBase、CINAHL、中国知网（CNKI）、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、万方、维普（VIP）数据库中关于献血者对无偿献血真实体验质性研究,检索时限为各数据库建库至2026年4月1日。对符合要求的文献采用澳大利亚Joanna Briggs Institute循证卫生保健中心质性研究质量评价标准进行质量评价,对各研究结果进一步整合分析。结果共纳入25篇文献,提炼57个明确主题,将相似主题归纳出10个新类别,形成4个整合结果,分别为复杂交织的身心感受与情感体验、多元驱动与现实制约下的献血决策、献血服务过程中的人际互动与服务体验、社会支持感知与持续献血意愿的形成。基于上述整合结果构建含县域、乡镇基层外采适配条目的无偿献血全流程标准化服务改进清单。结论献血管理部门在提高无偿献血服务质量的同时,应注重献血者的情感支持并关注激励偏好,政府部门应优化献血者激励机制,利用网络宣传无偿献血知识,并构建分层适配的护理细则为基层采血护理工作提供实操参考,进而稳定献血者队伍并提高其积极性,推动无偿献血事业高质量、可持续发展。

关键词: 无偿献血, 心理体验, 质性研究, Meta整合, 献血意愿

Abstract: Objective To systematically analyze and evaluate the blood donors' real experiences with voluntary blood donation, providing a theoretical basis for the subsequent activities. Methods A qualitative systematic review was conducted by searching Web of Science, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EmBase, CINAHL, CNKI, CBM, Wanfang, and VIP databases from inception to April 1, 2026. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist for qualitative research, followed by meta-analysis of the findings. Results A total of 25 articles were included, yielding 57 distinct findings categorized into 10 categories and synthesized into four integrated findings: (1) complex, intertwined physical and emotional experiences; (2) blood donation decisions influenced by multiple drivers and practical constraints; (3) interpersonal interactions and service experiences during blood donation services, and (4) the formation of sustained donation intention through perceived social support. Based on these findings, a standardized service improvement checklist incorporating specific items adapted for county- and township-level mobile blood collection. construct a standardized service improvement checklist was developed, incorporating specific items adapted for county- and township-level mobile blood collection. Conclusion Blood management authorities should enhance service quality while prioritizing emotional support and donor incentive preferences. Government departments should optimize incentive mechanisms and leverage online platforms for health education. Additionally, developing stratified nursing guidelines tailored for primary care settings will provide practical references, thereby stabilizing the donor base, boosting motivation, and promoting the high-quality, sustainable development of voluntary blood donation.

Key words: Voluntary blood donation, Psychological experience, Qualitative research, Meta-synthesis, Donation intention

中图分类号:

R457

高蕊, 陈令辉, 梅潇, 于曼, 赵世钰, 赵建鹏. 献血者对无偿献血真实体验质性研究的Meta整合[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2026, 28(4): 643-652.

GAO Rui, CHEN Linghui, MEI Xiao, YU Man, ZHAO Shiyu, ZHAO Jianpeng. Meta-synthesis of Qualitative Research on Blood Donors' Real-life Experiences of Voluntary Blood Donation[J]. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL TRANSFUSION AND LABORATORY MEDICINE, 2026, 28(4): 643-652.

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献血者对无偿献血真实体验质性研究的Meta整合

Meta-synthesis of Qualitative Research on Blood Donors' Real-life Experiences of Voluntary Blood Donation

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