Abstract: Objective The drug-coated red blood cells（RBCs）method and the drug-addition method were used for detecting the incidence of drug-induced antibodies in patients developed anemia after antibiotics treatment and comprehensively analyzed related clinical data. Method We selected 358 blood samples from hospitalized patients developed anemia after antibiotics treatment for 3 days or more in a hospital. The drug-coated RBCs method and the drug-addition method were used to detect drug-induced antibodies. We comprehensively analyzed the test results based on the relevant clinical data. Result Among 358 patients with anemia, 12 cases were positive for antibiotic-induced antibodies by the drug-coated RBCs method, with the positive rate of 3.35%. Of these, 284 cases were tested by cephalosporin-type antibodies and 6 were positive with the positive rate of 2.11%; 74 cases were tested by non-cephalosporin-type antibodies and 6 were positive with the positive rate of 8.11%. There was significant difference between the two positive rates of antibiotic-induced antibodies (P <0.05). Twelve patients with positive antibiotic-induced antibodies were statistically compared by gender, age, surgical and non-surgical, and there's no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). No antibiotic-induced antibodies in all samples were detected using drug-addition method. Conclusion The detection rate of antibiotic-induced antibodies was different between the two methods. The positive rate of drug-coated RBCs method was significantly higher than that of drug-addition method. Blood transfusion physicians and clinicians should pay more attention to the adverse effects of antibiotic-induced antibodies.

Key words: Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia, Antibiotics, Drug-induced antibodies