ObjectiveTo study the influence of traumatic hemorrhagic shock（THS）on antioxidant enzymes. MethodsThe model of the THS with gradient decrease of the systolic blood pressure was etablished in 11 Newzealand rabbits.The arterial blood pressures in the different time following THS were measured with the systolic pressures of 2/3（T2）,1/2（T3）,and 1/3（T4）of the basic systolic blood pressure Superoxide dismutase（SOD）,hydrogen peroxide enzyme（CAT）,and glutathione oxidation reductase（GSH-Px）levels in the plasma were determined by the double antibody sandwich method of enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay（ELISH）. ResultsT-SOD：The levels of the antioxidant enzymes were lower in Group A than in group B; group B was higher than group C; and group C was higher than group D. There was no significant difference between the time level（P>0.05）.In CAT detection,it was higher in Group A than in group B,group B was higher than group C,group C was higher than group D,there was no significant difference between the T1-T2,T2-T3,and T3-T4（P>0.05）. The significant difference,however,was noted between the other groups（P <0.05）. In GSH-Px tests,Group A was found to be higher than group B,group B was higher than group C,group C was higher than group D,there was no significant difference between the T1 and T2（P>0.05）,and A significant difference was seen between the other groups（P<0.05）. ConclusionWhen the systolic blood pressure decline curve was used for THS and antioxidant detection in rabbits,THS has a significant affect on the antioxidant enzyme systemshowing a significant decrease of CAT,GSH-Px and SOD,and activity decreased. Blood loss coincides with decrease of CAT and GSH-Px on THS.

ObjectiveTo analyze anti-D and genotype of the partial D phenotype in a pregnant women. MethodsThe RhDCcEe antigens were detected in saline by microcolumn gel card method. The serum anti-D and its titers were detected by routine serological method. The partial D phenotype was confirmed by detecting 10 RHD exons,zygosity and Depitops. ResultsThe pregnant women was found to have dCcee in saline,but DCcee in gel card. RHD gene was found to have deletion of exons 3-6 and the zygosity was D/d. Some of the red cell membrane D epitopes were negative. The results revealed a partial DVI-III phenotype with DVICe/dce genotype. The titer of anti-D was 1：32 in week 20 of pregnancy and 1：64 just before delivery. ConclusionSeveral pregnancies with partial DVI-III phenotype have been reported who presented positive anti-D reaction and hemolytic disease of the newborns. DVI-III is not rare in Chinese and misdiagnosis should be avoidedI in prenatal examination.

ObjectiveTo identify 3 RhD variants by polymerase chain reactions（PCRs）. MethodsRh blood grouping was carried out by standard serologic test. PCR-SSP was used to amplify the RHD-specific polymorphisms located in RHD promoter,exons,introns,and RHCE-specific polymorphisms. RHD zygosity was determined by PCR-RFLP. ResultsThe serologic results showed that the 3 samples carry D variants. PCR-SSP results indicated that these patients harbored RHD*D-CE（3-6）-D hybrid alleles,ie,RHD*DVI.3. RHDzygosity showed the patients with RHD+/RHD- heterozygote. RHCE genotyping indicated that the patients have RHCE*Ccee. The RH genotyping of these three patients were CDVI IIIe/cde. ConclusionGenotyping is an efficient method in determining the RhD variants.

ObjectiveTo understand the status of blood component transfusion,infusion volume,rationality and outcomes in the ICU patients. MethodsRetrospective investigation from June to December 2015 was executed in 274 ICU patients who had underwent blood component transfusion,whole blood transfusion and transfusion indications.Laboratory tests and curative effect were analyzed. ResultsOf 274 cases of severe patients with blood transfusions,91.2%（250/274）,87.2%（239/274）,2.6%（7/274）,and 5.8%（16/274） of them received infusion of red blood cells,plasma,cryo,and platelets. The biggest red blood cell transfusion volume was seen in the patients of thoracic surgery,gastrointestinal bleeding,postpartum hemorrhage,accounting for 61.2%（153/250）. 15.3 percent（42/274）and 29.5% （84/274）of patients had RBC transfusion whose Hb was over100 g/L and Hb was between 70~100 g/L,Patients with Hb<of 70 g/L had RBC transfusion rate of 46.4%（127/274）89.1 percent（213/239）of ICU patients presented low PT,APTT and Fib,with an average value of <50×10⁹/L and a rational use of plasma,platelets and cryo. The volume of RBC transfusion was gradually increased with the duration of hospitalization,and no significant association of mortality with the volume of RBC use was noted. ConclusionIn ICU patients,combination of two blood components were frequently used,and the rationality was seen in transfusions of plasma,cryo,and platelets rather than in red blood cells.

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of different stored blood temperature on the harvest of leukocyte filtration and the fragility of erythrocyte membrane. MethodsThe leukocyte filter blood bags were used g to collect anticoagulant blood under various blood temperature.The blood was divided into 3 groups before filtration. The temperature of blood of the first group was 8±2℃.The blood was placed in2-6℃for more than 3h,followed by immediate filtration. The blood temperature of the second group was 14±2℃when it was placed at room temperature（RT,24℃）for 30 minbefore filtration. The temperature of blood was 24±2℃,which was placed at RT for more than 4h before filtration. White blood cell counts were determined in each group before and after filtration. Filtration time,erythrocyte osmotic fragility after filtration were determined and analysed. ResultThe time and white blood cell counts after filtration showed significant differences （P<0.05）,the test results of erythrocyte osmotic fragility were statistically significant between the first group and the other two groups （P<0.05）.ConclusionThe recovery of leukocyte filtration and the erythrocyte membrane injuries increased and with the decreased blood temperature. The appropriate temperature of blood storage is 14±2℃.

ObjectiveTo analyze the blood preparation and transfusion in 503 patients with cardiac surgery in 2014 and provide a reference for Blood Transfusion. MethodThe statistical data includes the amount of blood preparation and transfusion,the number of blood preparation and transfusion patients,the components of blood preparation and transfusion. ResultThe result showed that the proportion of red cell suspension and plasma transfusion was 60.64% and 59.05%. And the proportion of the amount of red cell suspension and plasma transfusion in blood preparation was 86.13% and 79.35%. More than 1/3 individuals received more red cell suspension （30.49%） and plasma transfusion（29.29%） during cardiac surgeries. The amount was 1~5 times higher than expected.ConclusionAccording to the correlation and difference between blood preparation and consumption,the blood storage and plan should be optimized to providesufficient blood for the operations in emergency and ensure blood resource to be safe and reasonable.

ObjectiveTo investigate past voluntary blood donations,future donation intentions and their related psychological factors in young residents of Nanjing so as to provide evidence for donor recruitment and retention. MethodsA questionnaire was developed based on TPB and related articles. Respondents were selected by cluster sampling followed by quota sampling and questionnaires were filled out during May to December 2014 in Nanjing. Data analysis was done by multilevel ordinal logistic regression.Results638 valid questionnaires were collected. Respondents were aged between 18 and 35 years old.64.4% respondents never donated blood. The mean score of blood donation intentions was 2.27±0.91 （1=very likely,5=very unlikely）. Psychological factors associated with future donation intentions were attitude,subjective norm,perceived behavior control and self-identity. ConclusionTPB can explain the blood donation intentions among those hesitating young residents and the identified psychological factors may provide evidence for recruitment strategies.

ObjectiveTo Analyze the correlation of HBsAg detection results by ELISA with different S/CO values and gold-labeling methodfor safe collection of blood and reduction of the waste of blood resources. Methods37 966 volunteer blood donors were subjected to detection in Handan area from Nov 2014 to Apr 2015. After primary screening of HBsAg,gold-labeling method was used for re-detection of the samples that showed positive HBsAg in the previous detection by ELISA. The results of ELISA test were compared with those of gold-labeling. ResultsFrom Nov 2014 to Jan 2015,HBsAg was found to be positive in 102 cases of volunteer blood donors,with a positive rate of 0.52％. The gold-labeling detection rate seemed to be various in companies （χ²=33.33,P<0.01;χ²=25.47,P<0.01）. The false positivity was noted when re-tested by gold-labeling in all of the apecimens below the S/CO value of 20,Hereafter,the HBsAg- positive rate showed a gradual reduction（χ²=14.58,P<0.05）. ConclusionIt is an efficient way for reduction of false positivity of HBsAg to improve the gold-labeling method and operation skills of technicians.

Objective To analyze the results of serum markers of HBsAg，anti-HCV，anti-HIV，and anti-TP in patients of preoperation and blood transfusion. in order to avoid medical disputes，and to provide reference for control of hospital infection. MethodsThe clinical data of 15 959 patients before operation or blood transfusion from January 2013 to June 2014 were retrospectively analysized. All detections were performed by chemiluminescence. Result 1 630 of 15 959 patients suffered from HBV infections，showing 10.21% of positive rate of HBsAG，which is the highest in the four indicators. The positive rate of HBV and HCV infection in digestive medicine were 34.59% and 8.72%. Overlapping infections were mostly observed between HBV and TP with 43.37%. Anti- HIV was positive in7 patients，1 case was co-infected with HBV，and 2 cases with Treponema pallidum （TP）. Three infectious indicators of patients varied inh genders （P<0.05）except for anti-HCV. Conclusion The detection of the four serological markers of infectious dideases in patients of pre-surgery or –blood transfusion may help to discover infections and provide evidence for the potential medical disputes，reduce and prevent the occurrence of hospital infections and occupational exposure of medical staff.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of 80/20 rule on doctor blood transfusion evaluation management when blood transfusion information management system was undeveloped. MethodsRetrospective analysis was done on the 86 blood transfusion medical records and applications during January to September in 2013 to find out factors which leaded 80% underproof item. By amending these factors and observing the changes of hospitalized patients with surgery average red blood cell consumption,average plasma consumption and hospitalized patients total blood consumption,the effects of 80/20 rule on doctor blood transfusion evaluation management were evaluated. ResultsThe rate of approved blood transfusion application form,blood transfusion indication and eligible progress note increased from 27.9% to 88.0%,79.1% to 93.% and 83.7% to 88.5%,respectively. While the rate of hospitalized surgery average red blood cell consumption and hospitalized surgery average plasma consumption decreased from 0.16 U to 0.13 U and 0.07 U to 0.06 U,respectively. The rate of hospitalized patients total blood consumption decreased 14.9% in the case that the number of hospitalized discharge and hospitalized surgery increased 11.8% and 9.3%,respectively. ConclusionIt is positive in doctor blood transfusion evaluation management,saving blood transfusion and promoting scientific and reasonable blood transfusion to use 80/20 rule to resolve the important influencing factors of doctor blood transfusion evaluation management.

ObjectiveTo detect and analyze antibodies to HLA in female donators in Xi'an,and provide experimental data for improving the security of blood transfusion. MethodsSerum specimens of 202 women donators were randomly collected. and tested for HLA-Ⅰand HLA -Ⅱ antibodies using ELISA in order to reveal the differences of HLA antibodies between blood donors of non-pregnancy and those of pregnancy. ResultsFor 202 women of donations,HLA antibody of 37 donators were positive （18.3%）. The HLA antibody positive rate in pregnant women was significantly higher（30.9%） than that in non- pregnancies,The prevalence of anti-HLA increased with the frequency of pregnancies ConclusionThe female blood donators have a high positivity of anti-HLA,indicating a clinical implication of anti-HLA screening for safe transfusion in this target population.

ObjectiveTo Understand the incidence rate of the newborn metabolic disease and its screening condition. MethodsA retrospective analysis of newborn metabolic disease screening in Shantou for four years was done. Results25 cases were confirmed positive for congenital hypothyroidism （CH）,and incidence rate was 1/4 163. 3 cases were confirmed positive for phenylketonuria （PKU）,and incidence rate was 1/34693. 661 cases were diagnosed with Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase（G6PD） deficiency,and its incidence rate was 1/158. The average screening rate of newborn metabolic disease was 30.6%,and the screen rate was going up year by year. ConclusionThe results of this study suggest the newborn screening program is beneficial for early detection and treatment of CH,PKU and G6PD deficiency. It can avoid physique and intelligent development defect of the newborns; and it also is a significance to improve population quality in our country.

ObjectiveTo investigate the change of plasma D-dimers during the treatment of patients with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome,and to discuss the clinical significance of monitoring D-dimer levels. MethodsThe clinical data of 75 inpatients were analyzed retrospectively（from July 2015 to June 2016） who suffered from OHSS following IVF-ET. Paired T tests were used to reveal the D-dimer level of patients before and after treatment. ResultsA statistical significance of plasma D-dimer levels was noted between the patients with OHSS on admission and those discharged from hospital （P<0.05）. ConclusionMonitoring the D-dimer level of patients with OHSS during the treatment,is of significance in evaluation of treatments and prognosis.

Objective Using receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve to evaluate the serum tumor markers of carcinoembryonic antigen （CEA）, carbohydrate antigen/cytokeratins199（CA199）, carbohydrate antigen/cytokeratins724（CA724）, and iron protein （Fer） in the diagnosis of gastric cancer. Methods The CEA, CA199, CA724, and Fer markers were detected with chemiluminescence, the data were statistically analyzed in216cases of gastric cancer, 104healthy persons. Results The CEA, CA199, CA724, Fer in the patients with gastric cancer were significantly higher than those of healthy group. Conclusion The CEA, CA199, CA724, and Fer have certain significance in the diagnosis of gastric cancer, vary with disease stages. A combined detection is beneficial to improve the sensitivity of diagnosis of gastric cancer

ObjectiveTo compare the gastric juice occult blood test for hemoglobin and transferrin with microscope examination of specimens of gastric juice,to explore the value of the microscopic examination as an auxiliary method for diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. MethodsTwo immune colloidal gold methods of hemoglobin and transferrin were used to test the clinical specimens of the gastric juice and compared with microscopic examination. ResultsEighty two cases of gastrointestinal bleeding,from 113 specimens of gastric juice,were clinically diagnosed.The sensitivity of hemoglobin,transferrin detection methods and microscopy method for gastric juice tests were 63.4%,64.6%and 87.8%,respectively：the specificity of the three methods was 80.6%,71.0% and 87.1%,with the positive predictive value of 89.6%,85.5% and 94.7%,respectively. The negative predictive value was found to be 45.5%,43.1% and 73.0%,with the efficiency of diagnosis of 68.1%,66.4% and 87.6%. No significant statistical difference was noted between the clinical diagnosis and microscopic method. m（P>0.05）.The two immune colloidal gold methods for hemoglobin and transferrin tests,however,were statistically significant（P<0.01）. ConclusionMicroscopic examination of gastric juice presents the promising sensitivity and specificity,and auxiliary diagnostic value for upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

ObjectiveTo explore the predictive value of non-ST-segment elevation of acute coronary syndrome（NSTE-ACS）by detection of red blood cell volume distribution width （RDW）for determination of the cut off point. MethodsFrom January 2014 to June 2015,146 NSTE-ACS cases were collected in observation group,and 84 individuals were taken as control with non coronary heart disease confirmed by coronary angiography. The complete blood counting,cardiac troponin I （cTnI）,and blood lipid wee tested. ResultsTC,LDL-C,cTnI,and RDW of NSTE-ACS group was higher than that of the control group,with a higher ratio of high blood pressure history or diabetes history（P<0.05）. The RDW in those with the artery lesions of three branches was higher than with the single artery lesion and double branch lesions（P<0.05）. RDW and cTnI were positively correlated（r=0.298,P<0.05）. RDW receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve analysis whowed thatthe best cut-off point of RDW for prediction of NSTE-ACS was 11.93%,the area under the ROC curve was 0.845（95% CI：0.792~0.898,P<0.05）,specificity was 82.90%,and sensitivity was 72.62%. Patients with the RDW over 11.93% presented a higher mortality or non-fatal myocardial infarction within 30 days than those with the RDW below 11.93%（P<0.05）. ConclusionRDW is associated with the degree of lesion in NSTE-ACS,and may be used as auxiliary diagnosis and prognosis of NSTE-ACS.

ObjectiveTo understand the epidemic status of anti-HEV IgG antibody prevalence among different types of chronic hepatitis in Shenzhen,and provide evidence of hepatitis E for its prevention and treatment. Methods

 

ObjectiveTo observe and evaluate the clinical application effect of recommended scheme for emergency blood transfusions under special circumstances（referred to as "recommendations"） in the rescue of patients who have difficult ABO blood type.MethodsAccording to the requirement of "recommendations" ,startup the scheme for emergency blood transfusion in patients who have difficult ABO blood type in our hospital in 2015,detect the laboratory indexes such as hemoglobin and bilirubin before and after the blood transfusion ,evaluate the scheme's effect after analyzing the laboratory results and the status of the patients with symptoms of curative. ResultsThere were 9 cases of patients who have difficulty in ABO blood type and in critical illness among the 5758 cases of patients with blood transfusion in 2015（accounts for 0.15% of the total number of blood transfusions）.Take emergency blood transfusion treatment for those 9 cases. The average input amount of red blood cells was 3 u. Hemoglobin values after blood transfusion were higher than before infusion and no hemolytic transfusion reaction happened. ConclusionThe recommended emergency transfusions under special circumstances of patients who difficult ABO blood type has a strong guiding significance in rescuing practice and can be safely used in clinical emergency blood work.

ObjectiveBy the retrospective analysis of Rh （D） negative patients with special circumstances of emergency rescue transfusion application of "matching blood transfusion" case data,to explore the application of the safety and effectiveness of combined transfusion. MethodCompared the effectiveness of 6 matched blood transfusion（case group） and 6 with same type blood transfusion （control group）in Xinjiang' aksu area from January 2014 to December 2015,to explore matched blood transfusion's safety and effectiveness. The effectiveness indexes include patients basic information,red cell antibody screening,total bilirubin（TBIL）,concentration of hemoglobin（Hb）,reticulocyte count（Ret）,hematocrit（Hct）and hospitalization days. ResultsThe patients in cases group and control group after blood transfusion 72 h red cell antibody screening was negative and did not produce anti-D,Hb after blood transfusion 24 h was actually appreciated in 28.53±10.09 g/L and 21.24±3.13 g/L,there was no significant difference compared with the experimental data of control group and case group by T text. ConclusionThe matched blood transfusion of Rh（D）-negative matched blood transfusion with special circumstances of emergency rescue transfusion have the same effectiveness and safety,at the same time,the matched blood transfusion of the Rh（D）positive red blood cells of patients should also be established to standardize the trace,follow-up and evaluation system.