关键词: 不规则抗体, 危险因素, 输血安全

Abstract: Objective To analyze the screening results and risk factors of irregular antibodies in patients receiving blood transfusions, and provide theoretical evidence for promoting safe clinical transfusion. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the detection rate, distribution characteristics and risk factors of irregular antibodies in 8 775 patients who were planned to be transfused from June 2012 to October 2018 in our hospital. Results The positive rate of irregular antibodies in this study was 0.91% (80/8 775), and 77 cases were further identified. Except for 1 case of pseudoagglutination, Rh antibodies most frequently detected was 28.95% (22/76), of which anti-E accounted for 59.09% (13/22). Followed by MNS antibodies 19.74% (15/76), of which anti-M accounted for 66.67% (10/15). Others were Lewis antibodies 6.58% (5/76), Duffy antibodies 1.32% (1/76), multiple antibodies 15.79% (12/76), autoantibodies 17.11% (13/76), cold antibodies and antibodies of undetermined specificity 10.53% (8/76). Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age, history of blood transfusion, and disease types between patients with positive antibody screen and negative group (P<0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed history of blood transfusion, digestive system disease, chronic kidney disease, solid tumor and hematological diseases, severe internal disease were independent risk factors for the detection of irregular antibodies (P<0.05). Conclusion We recommend adding RhCcEe (at least RhE) typing Rh-matched transfusions as well as the standard ABO/RhD match for patient who has a history of blood transfusion or requires long-term support with frequent transfusions, and providing matched antigen-negative blood products for transfusion based on positive for other irregular antibodies in patient. This will effectively prevent patients from producing irregular antibodies and promote blood transfusion safety.

Key words: Irregular antibodies, Risk factors, Blood transfusion safety