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临床输血与检验

临床输血与检验 ›› 2021, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (2): 173-177.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2587.2021.02.008

• 临床输血 • 上一篇    下一篇

围术期预存式自体血采集不良反应的危险因素分析及护理策略

田静, 陈峰, 刘晓敏, 迟红旭, 姚欢, 江颖   

  1. 100088 解放军总医院第一医学中心输血科（田静,刘晓敏,迟红旭, 姚欢, 江颖）; 火箭军特色医学中心重症医学科（陈峰）
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-28 出版日期:2021-04-20 发布日期:2021-04-19
  • 通讯作者: 江颖,女,主管护师,硕士,主要从事输血护理及管理工作,（E-mail）12996778@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:田静（1989-）,女,江苏盐城人,护师,学士,主要从事临床输血与输血护理工作,（E-mail）ccmucf@aliyun.com。

Risk Factors for Adverse Reactions and Strategies for Nursing in Perioperative Autologous Blood Donation

TIAN Jing, CHEN Feng, LIU Xiao-min, et al   

  1. Department of Blood Transfusion, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100088
  • Received:2020-05-28 Online:2021-04-20 Published:2021-04-19

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摘要： 目的 探讨患者围术期预存式自体血采集过程中发生不良反应的危险因素及护理策略。方法 选取2017年1月~2019年5月解放军总医院第一医学中心择期手术且预存式自体血采集患者2 036例为研究对象,收集患者采血前一般资料,记录自体血采集过程中不良反应发生率、种类和相关因素,并制定针对性的护理策略。结果 纳入研究的2 036例患者中,有31例（1.52%）发生不良反应,其中以眩晕（64.52%）、虚弱出汗（41.94%）、面色苍白（38.71%）、恶心（25.81%） 最常见;年龄、合并基础病、抽血前精神紧张、穿刺次数是自体血采集过程中发生不良反应的主要危险因素。结论 针对不良反应发生的相关危险因素制定有效的患者自体血采集管理措施和护理策略,可以有效减少不良反应的发生,最大限度地保护患者,最终确保手术顺利开展。

关键词: 自体血采集, 不良反应, 危险因素, 护理对策

Abstract: Objective To discuss risk factors for adverse reactions and strategies for nursing during perioperative autologous blood donation. Methods A total of 2 036 patients with pre-operative autologous blood donation (PABD) in the first medical center of Chinese PLA General Hospital between January 2017 and May 2019 were selected. We collected general data of patients before donation, recorded the incidence, types and factors associated with adverse events (AEs) during PABD procedure, and worked out strategies for nursing. Results Among the 2 036 patients included in the study, 31 (1.52%) experienced adverse reactions, of which vertigo (64.52%), weakness and sweating (41.94%), pallor (38.71%), nausea (25.81%) were the most common. Age, with underlying medical conditions, stressful blood draw and the number of punctures were the main risk factors associated with AEs during PABD. Conclusion In view of risk factors associated with adverse reactions, the corresponding PABD management and strategies for nursing can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions to protect patients to the greatest extent, and ultimately, ensure the operation smoothly.

Key words: Autologous blood collection, Adverse reactions, Risk factors, Nursing strategies

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