Abstract: Objective To explore the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing blood stream infection in patients with hematologic disease, to provide the evidence for rational antimicrobial therapy. Method The bioMerieux BACT/ALERT 3D system was used for blood culture. VITEK2 Compact system was uesed to indentify bacteria and antibiotic susceptibility. WHONET 5.6 software was uesed to analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens. Results A total of 101 strains of pathogens were isolated from blood culture from October 2017 to September 2018, of which gram negative organisms accounted for 76.24% , gram positive cocci 22.77% and fungi 0.99%. The distribution of pathogens causing blood stream infection in patients with hematologic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were different from patients without HSCT. The prevalence of ESBLs in E.coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 42.9 % and 55.0 %, respectively. P. aeruginosa strains were susceptible to commonly used antibiotics. 1 strains of E.coli and 3 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae were resistant to imipenem.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains was 33.3% in S. aureus (MRSA) and 66.7% in coagulase negative Staphylococcus (MRCNS). All Gram-positive bacilli were susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid, tegacycline and quinupristin-dalfopristin. Conclusion The pathogens isolated from patients with hematologic malignancies were mainly gram negative organisms. Moreover, the pathogens are highly resistant to multiple antibiotics. It is necessary to strengthen surveillance of bacterial resistance. Antimicrobial therapy should be decided cautiously base on local pathogen distribution and bacterial resistance.

Key words: Hematologic disease, Blood stream infection, Pathogen, Drug resistance