Abstract: Objective To explore the distribution of Rh（D, C, c, E, e）antigens and phenotypes of blood recipients and their donors in our hospital, and to analyze the compatibility of Rh antigens between recipients and donors as well as its clinical significance. Methods Cross-matching matched blood samples of 418 recipients and 710 donors were collected for Rh （D,C, c, E, e）antigens detection, and the distribution differences of antigens and phenotypes in recipients and donors as well as the antigen compatibility were compared and analyzed. Results There was no significant difference in Rh（D, C, c, E, e） antigens distribution between recipients and donors. The proportion of CcDEe and CCDee phenotype distribution was different between the recipients and the donors（P<0.05）. The percentage of simultaneous incompatibility of C and e antigens between blood recipients and donors was the highest（50.00%）among Rh（D, C, c, E, e）antigen-incompatible transfusion. The recipients with ccDEE, ccDEe and CcDEE phenotypes had a higher probability of Rh antigen-incompatible transfusion. The recipients of transfusion from multiple donors had the highest probability of Rh antigen-incompatible transfusion（P<0.05）. Conclusion There is a certain proportion of Rh antigen-incompatible transfusion in clinical transfusion. Detection of Rh（D, C, c, E, e）antigens before cross-matching and adoption of compatible transfusion can effectively improve the safety of clinical transfusion.

Key words: Recipients, Donors, Rh blood group, D C c E e antigens