Abstract: Objective To compare the characteristics of blood indexes of different diseases by analyzing the disease spectrum of hospitalized blood transfusion newborns in China and the blood test indexes of the top five diseases before admission without intervention treatment, so as to provide data support for accurate treatment of newborns. Methods A multicenter retrospective survey method was used to collect the relevant diagnosis and treatment data of 5 669 hospitalized newborns who received blood transfusion treatment in 46 tertiary public hospitals in China from January 1, 2017 to June 30, 2018. Statistical analysis was carried out according to the main disease diagnosis of the International Classification of Diseases Code (ICD-10) to obtain the disease spectrum of hospitalized newborns with blood transfusion. The routine blood test indexes, liver function indexes, blood coagulation function and blood gas indexes of the newborns after admission before treatment and intervention were analyzed to obtain the range of blood test indexes for different diseases before intervention. Results The first five diseases were premature infants (25.44%), neonatal pneumonia (15.82%), neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (10.65%), neonatal hemolytic disease (6.40%), and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (6.07%). The routine blood test indexes, liver function indexes, coagulation function and blood gas indexes of the first five diseases were statistically significant (P＜0.05). The routine blood test indexes (RBC, HGB, HCT, WBC), coagulation indexes (PT, APTT, INR), liver function indexes (ALT, TBIL, TP, ALB), blood gas (PO₂ and SO₂) of neonatal pneumonia and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome were statistically significant. The routine blood test (RBC, HGB, HCT, WBC), coagulation function (APTT, FIB), liver function (TBIL, TP), blood gas (PH, PO₂, HCT) of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and neonatal hemolytic disease were statistically significant. Conclusion Premature infants, respiratory diseases and hyperbilirubinemia are the main diseases of neonatal blood transfusion in China, and there are differences in blood test index values of different diseases, suggesting that accurate individual diagnosis and treatment should be carried out according to different diseases for neonatal diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: Newborn, Disease spectrum, Blood test, Transfusion