Abstract: Objective To investigate the value of low hemoglobin density （LHD） combined with red blood cell volume distribution width （RDW） for the diagnosis and treatment of microcytic hypochromic anemia （MHA） in child patients. Method One hundred and two patients with MHA were collected and 120 healthy children were taken as the control. Blood routine tests of the all samples were performed with Sysmex XN9000 Cell Analyzer before and 3 months after treatments. LHD was obtained based on average hemoglobin concentration （MCHC） and both LHD and RDW were statistically analyzed. Results The values of LHD （32.57%±18.62%）and RDW （17.06%±3.54%） in the patients before treatments were found to be obviously higher than those in the control（LHD：2.97%±0.93%; and RDW：12.01%±2.56%） （t=4.287~21.052,P<0.05~0.01）. The high LHD value was mostly noted in males but not females（t=4.029,P<0.05）. LHD and RDW values after treatments,however,were 11.32%±9.74% and 13.85%±2.73%,respectively,which was notably lower than those before treatments（t=3.571~10.187,P<0.05）. No statistical difference was seen in gender （t=0.592~1.095,P>0.05）. Additionally,the concentration of both LHD and RDW increased with the severity of anemia . Conclusion The values of LHD and RDW in the patients with MHA increased with the severity of the disease but significantly decreased following treatments,suggesting their significance in monitoring of MHA.

Key words: Low hemoglobin density, Volume distribution of RBC, Microcytic hypochromic anemia, Value