- 中国科学论文统计源期刊
- 中国科技核心期刊
- 美国化学文摘(CA)来源期刊
- 日本科学技术振兴机构数据库(JST)
临床输血与检验 ›› 2021, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (3): 273-293.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-2587.2021.03.001
• 专家论坛 • 下一篇
沈凌霄, 赵刚
收稿日期:2021-05-20
出版日期:2021-06-20
发布日期:2021-06-22
通讯作者:
赵刚,男,教授,博士生导师,主要从事低温生物医学、生殖医学工程、微纳技术/微流控、智能医疗仪器/生物传感器方面研究,（E-mail）zhaog@ustc.edu.cn。
作者简介:沈凌霄（1990-）,男,江苏如皋人,博士,主要从事红细胞低温冷冻保存技术研究,（E-mail）shenlx@mail.ustc.edu.cn。
Received:2021-05-20
Online:2021-06-20
Published:2021-06-22
摘要： 现代输血医学中红细胞冷冻保存是低温生物学中典型的临床应用之一,本文详细回顾了红细胞低温冷冻保存的发展历史以及临床应用方法的演变,并从低温生物学角度阐明红细胞在低温冷冻过程中遭受低温损伤的机理以及影响红细胞冷冻效果的常见因素,汇总了目前国际上使用新型低温保护剂的案例、胞内递送海藻糖技术的发展、冰重结晶抑制剂的应用等,为从事输血医学的医务人员和关注红细胞冷冻保存的科研工作者提供参考。
中图分类号:
沈凌霄, 赵刚. 红细胞冷冻保存的历史、机理与研究进展[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2021, 23(3): 273-293.
| [1] POLGE C,SMITH A U,PARKES A S.Revival of spermatozoa after vitrification and dehydration at low temperatures[J].Nature,1949,164(4172):666. [2] HESS J R.An update on solutions for red cell storage[J].Vox Sang,2006,91(1):13-19. [3] HESS J R,GREENWALT T G.Storage of red blood cells:new approaches[J].Transfus Med Rev,2002,16(4):283-295. [4] HOGMAN C F.Liquid-stored red blood cells for transfusion.A status report[J].Vox Sang,1999,76(2):67-77. [5] MERYMAN H T.Frozen red cells[J].Transfus Med Rev,1989,3(2):121-127. [6] SPUTTEK A,SPUTTEK R.Cryopreservation in transfusion medicine and hematology[M]//Life in the Frozen State.Boca Raton,FL:CRC Press,2004:483-504. [7] SPUTTEK A.Cryopreservation of red blood cells and platelets[M]//Cryopreservation and Freeze-Drying Protocols.Totowa,NJ:Humana Press,2007:283-301. [8] SPUTTEK A,KÜHNL P,ROWE A W.Cryopreservation of erythrocytes,thrombocytes,and lymphocytes[J].Transfus Med Hemother,2007,34(4):262-267. [9] HESS J R.Red cell changes during storage[J].Transfus Apher Sci,2010,43(1):51-59. [10] VALERI C R.Status report on the quality of liquid and frozen red blood cells[J].Vox Sang,2002,83(s1):193-196. [11] SCOTT K L,LECAK J,ACKER J P.Biopreservation of red blood cells:past,present,and future[J].Transfus Med Rev,2005,19(2):127-142. [12] VALERI C R,PIVACEK L E,GRAY A D,et al.The safety and therapeutic effectiveness of human red cells stored at -80℃ for as long as 21 years[J].Transfusion,1989,29(5):429-437. [13] VALERI C R,RAGNO G,PIVACEK L E,et al.An experiment with glycerol-frozen red blood cells stored at -80℃ for up to 37 years[J].Vox Sang,2000,79(3):168-174. [14] CAP A,BADLOE J,WOOLLEY T,et al.The use of frozen and deglycerolized red blood cells[J].Mil Med,2018,183(s2):52-54. [15] LUYET B J.Effects of ultra-rapid and of slow freezing and thawing on mammalian erythrocytes[J].Biodynam-ica,1949,6(119/120/121):217-223. [16] SCHMIDT P J.Basile J.Luyet and the beginnings of transfusion cryobiology[J].Transfus Med Rev,2006,20(3):242-246. [17] MERYMAN H T.Freezing and vitrification of red cells,recollections and predictions[M]//SIBINGA C Th S,CASH J D.Transfusion Medicine:Quo Vadis? What Has Been Achieved,What Is to Be Expected:Proceedings of the jubilee Twenty-Fifth International Symposium on Blood Transfusion,Groningen,2000, Organized by the Sanquin Division Blood Bank Noord Nederland.Boston,MA:Springer US,2001:69-85. [18] LUYET B J.Ultra-rapid freezing as a possible method of blood preservation[M]//POTTHOFF C J.The Preservation of the Formed Elements and of the Proteins of the Blood.Washington,DC:American National Red Cross,1949:141-146. [19] STRUMIA M M.Freezing of whole blood[M]//POTTHOFF C J.The Preservation of the Formed Elements and of the Proteins of the Blood.Washington,DC:American National Red Cross,1949:160-166. [20] GRIFFITTS J J,HORNIBROOK J W,DOWNS J J.Freezing and thawing red blood cells[M]//POTTHOFF C J.The Preservation of the Formed Elements and of the Proteins of the Blood.Washington,DC:American National Red Cross,1949:167-168. [21] WALTER C W,GIBSON J G II.Freezing of separated blood cells[M]//POTTHOFF C J.The Preservation of the Formed Elements and of the Proteins of the Blood.Washington,DC:American National Red Cross,1949:169. [22] SMITH A U.Prevention of haemolysis during freezing and thawing of red blood-cells[J].Lancet,1950,2(6644):910-911. [23] SLOVITER H A.Recovery of human red blood-cells after freezing[J].Lancet,1951,257(6659):823-824. [24] MOLLISON P L,SLOVITER H A.Successful transfusion of previously frozen human red cells[J].Lancet,1951,258(6689):862-864. [25] KRIJNEN H W,KUIVENHOVEN A C,DE WIT J J.The preservation of blood cells in the frozen state.Experiences and current methods in the Netherlands[J].Cryobiology,1968,5(2):136-143. [26] LOVELOCK J.Resuspension in plasma of human red blood-cells frozen in glycerol[J].Lancet,1952,259(6721):1238-1239. [27] SLOVITER H A.Recovery of human red cells after prolonged storage at 79℃[J].Nature,1952,169(4311):1013-1014. [28] CHAPLIN H JUN,MOLLISON P L JUN.Improved storage of red cells at -20℃[J].Lancet,1953,261(6753):215-218. [29] CHAPLIN H JUN,VEALL N JUN.Removal of glycerol from previously frozen red cells a modified method[J].Lancet,1953,261(6753):218-219. [30] BUCKLEY E,GIBSON J G,D'HART M D,et al.Long traverse centrifuge[C]//Proc.2nd conf on the separation of the formed elements of the blood.Boston,MA.1950. [31] MERYMAN H T,KAFIG E.Rapid freezing and thawing of whole blood[J].Exp Biol Med,1955,90(3):587-589. [32] LOVELOCK J E,BISHOP M W H.Prevention of freezing damage to living cells by dimethyl sulphoxide[J].Nature,1959,183(4672):1394-1395. [33] STRUMIA M M,COLWELL L C,STRUMIA P V.Preservation of whole blood in frozen state for transfusion[J].Science,1958,128(3330):1002-1003. [34] STRUMIA M M,COLWELL L S,STRUMIA P V.The preservation of blood for transfusion.4.In vitro recovery after freezing and thawing of red cells modified with sugars[J].The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine,1960,56(4):576-586. [35] STRUMIA M M,COLWELL L S,STRUMIA P V.The preservation of blood for transfusion.5.Posttransfusion survival of red cells modified with sugars,frozen,and stored in the frozen state[J].The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine,1960, 56(4):587-593. [36] STRUMIA M M,COLWELL L S,STRUMIA P V.In vitro recovery and posttransfusion survival of red cells modified with sugars,frozen,stored in the frozen state and rapidly thawed[J].International Society of Blood Transfusion,1962,13:433-438. [37] PERT J H,SCHORK P K,MOORE R.Low-temperature preservation of human erythrocytes:biochemical and clinical aspects[J].International Society of Blood Transfusion,1964,19:47-53. [38] RINFRET A P,BLOOM M L,SAKAIDA R R,et al.Rapid freezing of red cells[J].International Society of Blood Transfusion,1965,23:637-641. [39] STRUMIA M M,STRUMIA P V.Effect of lactose, dextran and albumin on recovery and survival of frozen red cells[J].Transfusion,1965,5(5):399-411. [40] STRUMIA M M,STRUMIA P V.Recovery and survival of human red cells frozen with albumin,dextran and lactose-albumin[J].International Society of Blood Transfusion,1964,19:61-68. [41] BRICKA M,BESSIS M.Preservation of erythrocytes by freezing in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone and dextran[J].Comptes Rendus Des Seances De La Soc De Biol et De Ses Fil,1955,149(9/10):875-877. [42] QUENTIN M,STEINBUCH M.Recherches sur la congélation du globule rouge en milieu macromoléculaire[J].Vox Sang,1958,3(2):123-142. [43] DOEBBLER G F,BUCHHEIT R G,RINFRET A P.Recovery and in vivo survival of rabbit erythrocytes[J].Nature,1961,191(4796):1405. [44] RINFRET A P.Factors affecting the erythrocyte during rapid freezing and thawing[J].Ann N Y Acad Sci,2006,85(2):576-594. [45] RINFRET A P,DOEBBLER G F,COWLEY C W.Investigations on the preservation of blood by rapid freezing and thawing procedures[J].International Society of Blood Transfusion,1962,13:439-442. [46] RINFRET A P,COWLEY C W,DOEBBLER G F,et al.The preservation of blood by rapid freezing[J].International Society of Blood Transfusion,1964,19:80-88. [47] BLOOM M L,WITEBSKY E,RINFRET A P,et al.Rapidly hard-frozen blood:evaluation of process and clinical survival[J].International Society of Blood Transfusion,1965,23:642-645. [48] RINFRET A P.Some aspects of preservation of blood by rapid freeze-thaw procedures[J].Fed Proc,1963,22:94-101. [49] ALTEMEIER W A,SCHIFF L,GALLE A,et al.Physiological and pathological effects of long-term polyvinylpyrrolidone retention[J].AMA Arch Surg,1954,69(3):308-314. [50] ROBSON D C.Rapid freezing and thawing techniques using extracellular agents[M]//SPIELMAN W,SEIDL S.Modern Problems of Blood Preservation.Stuttgart:Gustav Fisher Verlag,1970:204-208. [51] SLOVITER H A.Mechanism of hæmolysis caused by freezing and its prevention[J].Nature,1962,193(4818):884-885. [52] SLOVITER H A,RAVDIN R G.Recovery and transfusion of human erythrocytes after freezing in polyglycol solutions[J].Nature,1962,196:899-900. [53] DE VERDIER C H,ERIKSSON,HJELM M,et al.Rapid freezing and thawing of erythrocytes using dextran.glycolysis of frozen cells[J].International Society of Blood Transfusion,1965,23:702-708. [54] KNORPP C T,MERCHANT W R,GIKAS P W,et al.Hydroxyethyl starch:extracellular cryophylactic agent for erythrocytes[J].Science,1967,157(3794):1312-1313. [55] ALLEN E D,WEATHERBEE L,SPENCER H H,et al.Large unit red cell cryopreservation with hydroxyethyl starch[J].Cryobiology,1976,13(5):500-506. [56] ALLEN E D,WEATHERBEE L,PERMOAD P A.Post-thaw suspension of red cells cryopreserved with hydroxyethyl starch[J].Cryobiology,1978,15(4):375-381. [57] WILLIAMS R J.The surface activity of PVP and other polymers and their antihemolytic capacity[J].Cryobiology,1983,20(5):521-526. [58] LIONETTI F J,HUNT S M.Cryopreservation of human red cells in liquid nitrogen with hydroxyethyl starch[J].Cryobiology,1975,12(2):110-118. [59] LIONETTI F J,HUNT S M,LIN P S.Improved method for the cryopreservation of human red cells in liquid nitrogen with hydroxyethyl starch[J].Cryobiology,1976,13(5):489-499. [60] THOMAS M J G.Military experience in blood supply applicable to disaster medicine[J].Transfusion in Europe,1990,237. [61] THOMAS M J,PARRY E S,NASH S G,et al.A method for the cryopreservation of red blood cells using hydroxyethyl starch as a cryoprotectant[J].Transfus Sci,1996,17(3):385-396. [62] SPUTTEK A,KÖRBER C,RAU G.Cryopreservation of human erythrocytes with hydroxyethylated starches under variation of starch modification and concentration,electrolyte content,hematocrit,and cooling rate[J].Cryobiology,1990,27(6):667-668. [63] SPUTTEK A,RAU G.Cryopreservation of human erythrocytes with hydroxyethyl starch (HES)--Part 1:The procedure[J].Infusionstherapie Und Transfusionsmedizin,1992,19(6):269-275. [64] SPUTTEK A,BACHER C,LANGER R,et al.Cryopreservation of human erythrocytes with hydroxyethyl starch (HES)--Part 2:Analysis of survival[J].Infusionstherapie Und Transfusionsmedizin,1992,19(6):276-282. [65] SPUTTEK A,LANGER R,SCHMID H,et al.Cryopreservation of erythrocytes with hydroxyethyl starch.in vitro results leading to an autologous retransfusion model in the dog[J].Beitr Infusionsther,1992,30:292-296. [66] SPUTTEK A,ROLING C,SINGBARTL G,et al.First autologous retransfusion of human red blood cells (450 mL) cryopreserved in the presence 11.5% HES without post-thaw washing[J].Cryobiology,1993,30:657. [67] SPUTTEK A,SINGBARTL G,LANGER R,et al.Cryopreservation of red blood cells with the nonpenetrating cryoprotectant hydroxyethyl starch[J].Cryo Lett,1995,16:283-288. [68] HORN E P,SPUTTEK A,STANDL T,et al.Transfusion of autologous,hydroxyethyl starch-cryopreserved red blood cells[J].Anesth Analg,1997,85(4):739-745. [69] MERYMAN H T,HORNBLOWER M.A Red Cell Freezing and Washing Procedure Using a High Glycerol Concentration[J].International Society of Blood Transfusion,1972,38:344-349. [70] MERYMAN H T.Observations on the present state of blood preservation by freezing[J].Cryobiology,1968,5(2):144-146. [71] ROWE A W.Cryopreservation of red blood cells[J].Vox Sang,1994,67:201-206. [72] HOLOVATI J L,HANNON J L,GYONGYOSSY-ISSA M I C,et al.Blood preservation workshop:new and emerging trends in research and clinical practice[J].Transfus Med Rev,2009,23(1):25-41. [73] COHN E J,SURGENOR D M,TULLIS J L,et al.Biomechanical equipment for collecting and processing all parts of blood to stable states[C]//Proceedings of Conference on New Knowledge About Proteins and Cells,University Laboratory of Physical Chemistry.Harvard Medical School.1953:1. [74] TULLIS J L.Principles involved in glycerolization and deglycerolization of red cells using the Cohn fractionator[C]//Proceedings of Conference on Plasma Proteins and Cellular Elements of Blood.Cambridge, MA:Protein Foundation,1954:17. [75] TULLIS J L,DRISCOLL S G,KETCHEL M M.Principles and use of Cohn fractionator in glycerolization and deglycerolization of human red cells[C]//Proceedings of Conference on Plasma Proteins and Cellular Elements of Blood.Cambridge,MA:Protein Foundation,1954:17-25. [76] TULLIS J L.Use of Cohn fractionator in connection with the preservation of red cells in glycerol[C]//Proceedings of Conference on Plasma Proteins and Cellular Elements of Blood.Cambridge,MA:Protein Foundation,1954:25-26. [77] BATCHELOR WH,D'HONT M,DRISCOLL S,et al.New principle of closed system centrifugation[J].Science,1956,124(3226):792-797. [78] KETCHEL M M.Use of biomechanical equipment for the long-term preservation of erythrocytes[J].J Am Med Assoc,1958,168(4):404. [79] TULLIS J L,KETCHEL M M,PYLE H M,et al.Studies on the in vivo survival of glycerolized and frozen human red blood cells[J].J Am Med Assoc,1958,168(4):399-404. [80] TULLIS J L.Clinical use of frozen red cells[J].Arch Surg,1960,81(1):151. [81] HAYNES L L.Clinical use of glycerolized frozen blood[J].JAMA,1960,173(15):1657. [82] SPROUL M T.Progress report on large scale use of frozen red cells[C]//Twelfth Annual Meeting of American Association of Blood Banks.1959. [83] HAYNES L L,TURVILLE W C,SPROUL M T,et al.Long term blood preservation-a reality[J].J Trauma:Inj Infect Crit Care,1962,2(1):1-9. [84] MERYMAN H T,HORNBLOWER M.A method for freezing and washing red blood cells using a high glycerol concentration[J].Transfusion,1972,12(3):145-156. [85] TULLIS J L,TINCH R J,GIBSON J G,et al.A simplified centrifuge for the separation and processing of blood cells[J].Transfusion,1967,7(3):232-242. [86] TULLIS J L,TINCH R J,GIBSON J G,et al.A simplified centrifuge for the separation and processing of blood cells[J].Transfusion,1967,7(3):232-242. [87] HUGGINS C E.Reversible agglomeraton used to remove dimethylsulfoxide from large volumes of frozen blood[J].Science,1963,139(3554):504-505. [88] HUGGINS C E.Preservation of blood for transfusions by freezing with dimethylsulfoxide and a novel washing technique[J].Surgery,1963,54:191-194. [89] HUGGINS C E.Preservation of blood by freezing with dimethyl sulfoxide and its removal by dilution and erythrocyte agglomeration[J].Vox Sang,1963,8:99-100. [90] HUGGINS C E.Preservation of Transfusions by Freezing with Dimethylsulfoxide[J].International Society of Blood Transfusion, 1964,19:69-74. [91] HUGGINS C E.Frozen blood[J].Eur Surg Res,1969,1(1):3-12. [92] HUGGINS C E.Frozen Blood:Theory and practice[J].JAMA,1965,193(11):941-944. [93] HUGGINS C E.A system for the preservation of blood by freezing[J].International Society of Blood Transfusion,1965,23:662-666. [94] HESS J R.Red cell freezing and its impact on the supply chain[J].Transfus Med,2004,14(1):1-8. [95] ALMOND D V,VALERI C R,BOOTH W M,et al.The in vivo effects of deglycerolized agglomerated erythrocytes transfused in multiple units to stable anemic patients[J].Transfusion,1967,7(2):95-104. [96] SUMIDA S.Transfusion of blood preserved by freezing[M].Stuttgart,Thieme:Igaku Shoin Ltd.,1974. [97] SUMIDA S.Cryopreservation of human blood cells[C]//Recent advances in cryomedicine and cryobiology.Proceeding of 2nd Asia-Pacific congress of low temperature medicine,5th China-Japan congress of low temperature medicine.Xian,China:International Academic Publishers,1993:3-15. [98] PERT J H,SCHORK P K,MOORE R.A new method of low-temperature blood preservation using liquid nitrogen and a glycerol-sucrose additive[J].Clinical Research,1963,11(197):34. [99] PERT J H,MOORE R,SCHORK P K.Report on more recent developments with glycerol-sucrose procedures[C]//Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Conference on Long-Term Preservation of Red Blood Cells.National Academies Press,1965:212-223. [100] PERT J H,SCHORK P K,LUNDBERG A,et al.In vitro and in vivo studies on frozen red cells processed by low glycerol-rapid freeze method[J].Transfusion, 1967,7:382. [101] KRIJNEN H W,WIT J J F M De,KUIVENHOVEN A C J,et al.Freezing of red cells with liquid nitrogen:I.results with glycerol as an intracellular substance[J].International Society of Blood Transfusion,1965,23:683-686. [102] KRIJNEN H W,DEWIT J J,KUIVENHOVEN A C,et al.Glycerol treated human red cells frozen with liquid nitrogen[J].Vox Sang,1964,9:559-572. [103] COHEN P,GARDNER F H.Platelet preservation.ii.preservation of canine platelet concentrates by freezing in solutions of glycerol plasma[J].J Clin Invest,1962,41(1):10-19. [104] KRIJNEN H W,GOUDSMIT R,WIT M DE J J,et al.Some experiences with the preservation of frozen glycerolized red cells[J].International Society of Blood Transfusion,1968,29:807-813. [105] ROWE A W,EYSTER E,KELLNER A.Liquid nitrogen preservation of red blood cells for transfusion:a low glycerol-rapid freeze procedure[J].Cryobiology,1968,5(2):119-128. [106] VALERI C R,RUNCK A H.Long term frozen storage of human red blood cells:studies in vivo and in vitro of autologous red blood cells preserved up to six years with high concentrations of glycerol[J].Transfusion,1969,9(1):5-14. [107] TULLIS J L,GIBSON J G,SPROUL M T,et al.Advantages of the high glycerol mechanical systems for red cell preservation:A 10 year study of stability and yield[M]//SPIELMAN W,SEIDL S.Modern Problems of Blood Preservation.Stuttgart:Gustav Fischer Verlag,1970:161-167. [108] MERYMAN H T.Washing erythrocytes in a centrifugal system with particular reference to glycerolized cells[J].Transfusion,1968,8(6):348-362. [109] VALERI C R,ZAROULIS C G.Rejuvenation and freezing of outdated stored human red cells[J].N Engl J Med,1972,287(26):1307-1313. [110] VALERI C R.Simplification of the methods for adding and removing glycerol during freeze-preservation of human red blood cells with the high or low glycerol methods:biochemical modification prior to freezing[J].Transfusion,1975,15(3):195-218. [111] LELKENS C C M,NOORMAN F,KONING J G,et al.Stability after thawing of RBCs frozen with the high-and low-glycerol method[J].Transfusion,2003,43(2):157-164. [112] SUMIDA S.Transfusion and transplantation of cryopreserved cells and tissues[J].Cell Tissue Bank,2006,7(4):265-305. [113] MERYMAN H T,HORNBLOWER M.Freezing and deglycerolizing sickle-trait red blood cells[J].Transfusion,1976,16(6):627-632. [114] BRECHER M E.Technical manual[M].15th ed.Bethesda,MD:AABB Press,2005. [115] VALERI C R,RAGNO G.Cryopreservation of human blood products[J].Transfus Apher Sci,2006,34(3):271-287. [116] ROWE A W.Cryopreservation of red cells by freezing and vitrification-some recollections and predictions[J].Transfus Med Hemother,2002,29(1):25-30. [117] DERRICK J B,LIND M,ROWE A W.Studies of the metabolic integrity of human red blood cells after cryopreservation[J].Transfusion,1969,9(6):317-323. [118] DERRICK J B,MCCONN R,SOROVACU M L,et al.Studies of the metabolic integrity of human red blood cells after cryopreservation:II.Effects of low-glycerol-rapid-freeze preservation on glycolysis[J].Transfusion,1972,12(6):400-404. [119] VALERI C R,RAGNO G,PIVACEK L,et al.In vivo survival of apheresis RBCs,frozen with 40-percent (wt/vol) glycerol,deglycerolized in the ACP 215,and stored at 4℃ in AS-3 for up to 21 days[J].Transfusion,2001,41(7):928-932. [120] VALERI C R,RAGNO G,PIVACEK L E,et al.A multicenter study of in vitro and in vivo values in human RBCs frozen with 40-percent (wt/vol) glycerol and stored after deglycerolization for 15 days at 4℃ in AS-3:assessment of RBC processing in the ACP 215[J].Transfusion,2001,41(7):933-939. [121] CHAUDHARI C N.Frozen red blood cells in transfusion[J].Med J Armed Forces India,2009,65(1):55-58. [122] VALERI C R.Standard operating procedure:glycerolization and deglycerolization of red blood cells in a closed system using the Haemonetics ACP 215[M].Naval Blood Research Laboratory,2013. [123] MAZUR P.Basic problems in cryobiology[M]//Advances in Cryogenic Engineering.Boston,MA:Springer US,1964:28-37. [124] GAO D,CRITSER J K.Mechanisms of cryoinjury in living cells[J].Ilar J,2000,41(4):187-196. [125] VALERI C R.Recent advances in techniques for freezing red cells[J].CRC Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci,1970,1(3):381-425. [126] SOUZU H,MAZUR P.Temperature dependence of the survival of human erythrocytes frozen slowly in various concentrations of glycerol[J].Biophys J,1978,23(1):89-100. [127] SCHWABBAUER M.Normal erythrocyte production, physiology and destruction[M]//STIENE-MARTIN E A,LOTSPEICH-STEININGER C A,KOEPKE J A.Clinical Hematology:Principles,Procedures,Correlations.2nd ed.Philadelphia:Lippincott Williams&Wilkins,1998:57-72. [128] MOHANDAS N,CHASIS J A.Red blood cell deformability,membrane material properties and shape:regulation by transmembrane,skeletal and cytosolic proteins and lipids[J].Semin Hematol,1993,30(3):171-192. [129] LAHMANN J M,BENSON J D,HIGGINS A Z.Concentration dependence of the cell membrane permeability to cryoprotectant and water and implications for design of methods for post-thaw washing of human erythrocytes[J].Cryobiology,2018,80:1-11. [130] PRESTON G M,CARROLL T P,GUGGINO W B,et al.Appearance of water channels in Xenopus oocytes expressing red cell CHIP28 protein[J].Science,1992,256(5055):385-387. [131] ZHUROVA M,MCGANN L E,ACKER J P.Osmotic parameters of red blood cells from umbilical cord blood[J].Cryobiology,2014,68(3):379-388. [132] VAN DEN ABBEEL E,SCHNEIDER U,LIU J,et al.Osmotic responses and tolerance limits to changes in external osmolalities,and oolemma permeability characteristics,of human in vitro matured MII oocytes[J].Hum Reprod,2007,22(7):1959-1972. [133] MAZUR P,MILLER R H.Survival of frozen-thawed human red cells as a function of the permeation of glycerol and sucrose[J].Cryobiology,1976,13(5):523-536. [134] MAZUR P,RALL W F,RIGOPOULOS N.Relative contributions of the fraction of unfrozen water and of salt concentration to the survival of slowly frozen human erythrocytes[J].Biophys J,1981,36(3):653-675. [135] MAZUR P,RIGOPOULOS N.Contributions of unfrozen fraction and of salt concentration to the survival of slowly frozen human erythrocytes:influence of warming rate[J].Cryobiology,1983,20(3):274-289. [136] MAZUR P.A biologist's view of the relevance of thermodynamics and physical chemistry to cryobiology[J].Cryobiology,2010,60(1):4-10. [137] MERYMAN H T.Modified model for the mechanism of freezing injury in erythrocytes[J].Nature,1968,218(5139):333-336. [138] FARRANT J,WOOLGAR A E.Human red cells under hypertonic conditions;a model system forzinvestigating freezing damage:1.sodium chloride[J].Cryobiology,1972,9(1):9-15. [139] FARRANT J,WOOLGAR A E.Human red cells under hypertonic conditions;a model system for investigating freezing damage:2.sucrose[J].Cryobiology,1972,9(1):16-21. [140] FARRANT J.Human red cells under hypertonic conditionsa model system for investigating freezing damage:3.dimethylsulfoxide[J].Cryobiology,1972,9(2):131-136. [141] PEGG D E.Long-term preservation of cells and tissues:a review[J].J Clin Pathol,1976,29(4):271-285. [142] GAO D,ZHOU X.Prevention of lethal osmotic injury to cells during addition and removal of cryoprotective agents:theory and technology[M]//KATKOV I.Current Frontiers in Cryobiology.InTech,2012. [143] POUCHET M.Recherches expérimentales sur la congélation des animaux[J].Journ L'Anat Physiol,1866,3:1-36. [144] RICHARDSON W D,SCHERUBEL E.The deterioration and dommercial preservation of flesh foods.first paper:general introduction and experiments on frozen beef[J].J Am Chem Soc,1908,30(10):1515-1564. [145] LOVELOCK J E.The haemolysis of human red blood-cells by freezing and thawing[J].Biochim Biophys Acta,1953,10(3):414-426. [146] LOVELOCK J E.The mechanism of the protective action of glycerol against haemolysis by freezing and thawing[J].Biochim Biophys Acta,1953,11(1):28-36. [147] LOVELOCK J E.The denaturation of lipid-protein complexes as a cause of damage by freezing[J].Proc Royal Soc Lond Ser B Biol Sci,1957,147(929):427-433. [148] MERYMAN H T.Freezing injury and its prevention in living cells[J].Annu Rev Biophys Bioeng,1974,3(0):341-363. [149] MERYMAN H T.The exceeding of a minimum tolerable cell volume in hypertonic suspension as a cause of freezing injury[M]//WOLSTENHOLME G E W,O'CONNOR M.The Frozen Cell.London:A Ciba Foundation Symposium,1970:51-68. [150] MERYMAN H T.Osmotic stress as a mechanism of freezing injury[J].Cryobiology,1971,8(5):489-500. [151] MERYMAN H T,Hornblower M.Changes in red cells following rapid freezing with extracellular cryoprotective agents[J].Cryobiology,1972,9(4):262-267. [152] MERYMAN H T,Williams R J,Douglas M S J.Freezing injury from“solution effects”and its prevention by natural or artificial cryoprotection[J].Cryobiology,1977,14(3):287-302. [153] ZADE-OPPEN A M.Posthypertonic hemolysis in sodium chloride systems[J].Acta Physiol Scand,1968,73(3):341-364. [154] ZADE-OPPEN A M.The effect of mannitol,sucrose,ra ffinose and dextran on posthypertonic hemolysis[J].Acta Physiol Scand,1968,74(1):195-206. [155] ZADE-OPPEN A M.Posthypertonic hemolysis in a sucrose system[J].Experientia,1970,26(10):1087-1088. [156] LOVELOCK J E.Physical instability and thermal shock in red cells[J].Nature,1954,173(4406):659-661. [157] LOVELOCK J E.Haemolysis by thermal shock[J].Br J Haematol,1955,1(1):117-129. [158] FARRANT J,MORRIS G J.Thermal shock and dilution shock as the causes of freezing injury[J].Cryobiology,1973,10(2):134-140. [159] MORRIS G J,FARRANT J.Effects of cooling rate on thermal shock hemolysis[J].Cryobiology,1973,10(2):119-125. [160] ARAKI T.Release of cholesterol-enriched microvesicles from human erythrocytes caused by hypertonic saline at low temperatures[J].FEBS Lett,1979,97(2):237-240. [161] WILLIAMS R J,SHAW S K.The relationship between cell injury and osmotic volume reduction:II.red cell lysis correlates with cell volume rather than intracellular salt concentration[J].Cryobiology,1980,17(6):530-539. [162] MAZUR P,COLE K W.Influence of cell concentration on the contribution of unfrozen fraction and salt concentration to the survival of slowly frozen human erythrocytes[J].Cryobiology,1985,22(6):509-536. [163] MAZUR P,COLE K W.Roles of unfrozen fraction,salt concentration,and changes in cell volume in the survival of frozen human erythrocytes[J].Cryobiology,1989,26(1):1-29. [164] PEGG D E,DIAPER M P.On the mechanism of injury to slowly frozen erythrocytes[J].Biophys J,1988,54(3):471-488. [165] PEGG D E,DIAPER M P.The “unfrozen fraction” hypothesis of freezing injury to human erythrocytes:a critical examination of the evidence[J].Cryobiology,1989,26(1):30-43. [166] PEGG D E,DIAPER M P.The effect of initial tonicity on freeze/thaw injury to human red cells suspended in solutions of sodium chloride[J].Cryobiology,1991,28(1):18-35. [167] MERYMAN H T,HOLLINGSWORTH J W.The preservation of whole blood by rapid freezing[J].International Society of Blood Transfusion,1958,7:317-320. [168] MERYMAN H T.Mechanics of freezing in living cells and tissues[J].Science,1956,124(3221):515-521. [169] DOWELL L G,RINFRET A P.Low-temperature forms of ice as studied by X-ray diffraction[J].Nature,1960,188(4757):1144-1148. [170] DILLER K R,CRAVALHO E G,HUGGINS C E.Intracellular freezing in biomaterials[J].Cryobiology,1972,9(5):429-440. [171] NEI T.Freezing injury to erythrocytes.I.Freezing patterns and post-thaw hemolysis[J].Cryobiology,1976,13(3):278-286. [172] NEI T.Freezing injury to erythrocytes.II.Morphological alterations of cell membranes[J].Cryobiology,1976,13(3):287-294. [173] FUJIKAWA S.The effect of various cooling rates on the membrane ultrastructure of frozen human erythrocytes and its relation to the extent of haemolysis after thawing[J].J Cell Sci,1981,49:369-382. [174] PEGG D E,DIAPER M P,SKAER H L,et al.The effect of cooling rate and warming rate on the packing effect in human erythrocytes frozen and thawed in the presence of 2 M glycerol[J].Cryobiology,1984,21(5):491-502. [175] MAZUR P.Cryobiology:the freezing of biological systems[J].Science,1970,168(3934):939-949. [176] MAZUR P,LEIBO S P,FARRANT J,et al.Interactions of cooling rate warming rate and protective additive on the survival of frozen mammalian cells[M]//WOLSTENHOLME G E W,O'CONNOR M.The Frozen Cell.London:A Ciba Foundation Symposium,1970:69-88. [177] MAZUR P,LEIBO S P,CHU E H.A two-factor hypothesis of freezing injury:evidence from chinese hamster tissue-culture cells[J].Exp Cell Res,1972,71(2):345-355. [178] MAZUR P,SCHMIDT J J.Interactions of cooling velocity,temperature,and warming velocity on the survival of frozen and thawed yeast[J].Cryobiology,1968,5(1):1-17. [179] MAZUR P.Kinetics of water loss from cells at subzero temperatures and the likelihood of intracellular freezing[J].J Gen Physiol,1963,47:347-369. [180] RAPATZ G,SULLIVAN J J,LUYET B.Preservation of erythrocytes in blood containing various cryoprotective agents,frozen at various rates and brought to a given final temperature[J].Cryobiology,1968,5(1):18-25. [181] MORRIS G J,FARRANT J.Interactions of cooling rate and protective additive on the survival of washed human erythrocytes frozen to -196℃[J].Cryobiology,1972,9(3):173-181. [182] HUNTSMAN R G,HURN B A,LEHMANN H.Storage of red cells for blood-grouping after freezing in liquid nitrogen[J].Br Med J,1960,2(5192):118. [183] MILLER R H,MAZUR P.Survival of frozen-thawed human red cells as a function of cooling and warming velocities[J].Cryobiology,1976,13(4):404-414. [184] SCHEIWE M W,NICK H E,KÖRBER C.An experimental study on the freezing of red blood cells with and without hydroxyethyl starch[J].Cryobiology,1982,l9(5):461-477. [185] LOVELOCK J E.The protective action of neutral solutes against haemolysis by freezing and thawing[J].Biochem J,1954,56(2):265-270. [186] DOEBBLER G F,RINFRET A P.The influence of protective compounds and cooling and warming conditions on hemolysis of erythrocytes by freezing and thawing[J].Biochim Biophys Acta,1962,58:449-458. [187] LUYET B,RAPATZ G.A review of basic researches on the cryopreservation of red blood cells[J].Cryobiology,1970,6(5):425-482. [188] MERYMAN H T.Cryoprotective agents[J].Cryobiology,1971,8(2):173-183. [189] MCGANN L E.Differing actions of penetrating and nonpenetrating cryoprotective agents[J].Cryobiology,1978,15(4):382-390. [190] MAZUR P.Principles of cryobiology[M]//FULLER B J,LANE N,BENSON E E.Life in the Frozen State.Boca Raton,FL:CRC Press,2004:3-65. [191] PEGG D E.Principles of cryopreservation[M]//WOLKERS W F,OLDENHOF H.Cryopreservation and Freeze-Drying Protocols.3rd ed.New York,NY:Springer,2015:3-19. [192] DELLER R C,VATISH M,MITCHELL D A,et al.Glycerol-free cryopreservation of red blood cells enabled by ice-recrystallization-inhibiting polymers[J].ACS Biomater Sci Eng,2015,1(9):789-794. [193] MERYMAN H T.The relationship between dehydration and freezing injury in the human erythrocyte[C]//Cellular Injury and Resistance in Freezing Organisms:proceedings.1967:231-244. [194] CARPENTER J F,HANSEN T N.Antifreeze protein modulates cell survival during cryopreservation:mediation through influence on ice crystal growth[J].PNAS,1992,89(19):8953-8957. [195] DELLER R C,VATISH M,MITCHELL D A,et al.Synthetic polymers enable non-vitreous cellular cryopreservation by reducing ice crystal growth during thawing[J].Nat Commun,2014,5(1):1-7. [196] CHANG T,ZHAO G.Ice Inhibition for Cryopreservation:Materials,Strategies,and Challenges[J].Advanced Science,2021,8(6):2002425. [197] FREEDMAN A M,MIRSKY I A.Estimation of red blood cell count from hematocrit[J].Am J Clin Pathol,1946,16(5_ts):104-109. [198] NEI T.Mechanism of hemolysis of erythrocytes by freezing at near-zero temperatures:II.Investigations of factors affecting hemolysis by freezing[J].Cryobiology,1968,4(6):303-308. [199] NEI T.Mechanism of hemolysis of erythrocytes by freezing at near-zero temperatures:I.Microscopic observation of hemolyzing erythrocytes during the freezing and thawing process[J].Cryobiology,1967,4(3):153-156. [200] NEI T.Mechanism of haemolysis of erythrocytes by freezing,with special reference to freezing at near-zero temperatures[M]//WOLSTENHOLME G E W, O'CONNOR M.The Frozen C |
| [1] | 邵从军. 红细胞分布宽度在临床疾病诊疗中的研究进展[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2021, 23(3): 400-404. |
| [2] | 王慧茹, 刘会兰. 非血缘脐血移植术后患者输血情况相关影响因素分析*[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2021, 23(2): 162-166. |
| [3] | 郝一文. 以一种整体、动态观评估及评价红细胞输注的指征及效果[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2020, 22(6): 590-593. |
| [4] | 张黎, 李雪莲, 胡章雪. 86例新生儿输注红细胞临床多因素分析[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2020, 22(6): 613-616. |
| [5] | 韦海春, 宁冈, 梁玉君, 梁志东, 郑敏. 重型β地中海贫血患者随机输注RhC、c、E、e血型血液情况的初步研究*[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2020, 22(6): 621-623. |
| [6] | 王伟, 李娜, 袁君, 栾建凤. 红细胞输注无效原因的分析*[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2020, 22(6): 649-652. |
| [7] | 赵俸涌, 郭忠慧, 李勤, 杨启修, 朱自严. 56℃水浴灭活处理对红细胞血型抗原影响的研究*[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2020, 22(5): 466-469. |
| [8] | 朱跃跃, 卞茂红. 红细胞微粒及其生物学性质的研究进展[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2020, 22(5): 551-556. |
| [9] | 赵星云, 卞茂红. MicroRNAs与红系生长发育、增殖、分化及凋亡相关性研究进展[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2020, 22(4): 445-448. |
| [10] | 吴伟鑫, 魏俊杰, 张云聪, 黎绍昌, 黄文庆, 陈尚良. 红细胞洗涤对微柱凝胶卡检测直接抗人球蛋白试验影响的分析[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2020, 22(3): 272-276. |
| [11] | 刘晓宁, 宋振霞, 潘晓华. 前置胎盘患者血清及胎盘组织中Eph A5表达水平与妊娠结局的关系探讨[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2020, 22(3): 326-329. |
| [12] | 郑井滨, 张丽, 姚美辰, 李静旗, 王雅卿, 毕聪玺. 添加液去白洗涤红细胞在保存中的质量观察[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2020, 22(2): 122-126. |
| [13] | 王瑞含, 彭娟, 刘久波. 深度自体储血技术在特发性脊柱侧弯矫形术中的应用研究[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2020, 22(2): 131-134. |
| [14] | 袁君, 王伟, 李娜, 栾建凤. 红细胞无效输注判定检测技术研究新进展*[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2020, 22(2): 221-224. |
| [15] | 郭晖. HbA2与红细胞指标对缺铁性贫血和α-地中海贫血的鉴别诊断价值[J]. 临床输血与检验, 2019, 21(5): 499-501. |
| 阅读次数 | ||||||
|
全文 |
|
|||||
|
摘要 |
|
|||||
