Abstract: Objective To analyze the results of nucleic acid tests（NATs） and ELISA detections and explore the correlation of them in reducing the risk of transfusion related infections.Methods Using two kinds of ELISA reagents and ID nucleic acid detection （ID-NAT） for parallel blood screening in blood donation to detect serological markers of HBV, HCV and HIV-1 and virus nucleic acids. Samples were taken from blood bags for further identification when primary test was positive. HIV-1 RNA positive ELISA negative blood donors were followed up.Results In total of 300 250 cases, 0.96% （2 874/300 250） positive cases were detected in the center in 2015.The nucleic acid single positive rate was 0.21%（628/300 250）; the identification positive rate was 20.58% （129/628）. 127 HBVand 2 HIV cases were found and no HCV was seen. Enzyme immunoassay of HBV, HCV and HIV and nucleic acid detection results discovered 2 204 positive cases . 78%（1 829/2 333） HBV ELISA double reagent positive specimens were NAT positive, and 22%（504/2 333） were NAT negative; 66%（226/343） HCV ELISA double reagent positive specimens were NAT positive, and 34%（117/343） were NAT negative; 92 cases of HIV ELISA double reagent positive samples were all NAT positive. Six percent（57/901）ELISA single reagent positive were NAT positive, and 94%（844/901）were NAT negative. The percentage of positive nucleic acid in ELISA double reagent positive was higher than single reagent positive ELISA （P<0.05）.Conclusion NAT helps shorten "window period" of transfusion transmitted diseases and detect latent infection. Both NAT and ELISA play an important complementary role in reducing the risk of blood transfusion associated virus infection.

Key words: Nucleic acid amplification detection, OBI, Window period, Voluntary blood donation