Objective To research the effect of risk of blood transfusion in voluntary blood donors through investigating the results of the nucleic acid test of Hengyang．Methods From January 2015 to December 2016,84622 blood samples were collected from the donors and detected bytwo rounds of ELISA. Then,77610 blood samples,whether or not they were tested reactive by one reagent of ELISA,would be tested by NAT．The markers of HBV were detected in blood samples which had HBV-DNA . Results 217 blood samples out of 77610 were detected positive （at a rate of 0. 278%,216 blood samples were HBV-DNA positive,0 was HCV-RNA,1 was HIV-RNA．The NAT detection rate was less than that of ELISA （1.81％,1 533/84 622）. 86 HBV-DNA positive samples were detected by ELISA with HBcAb in 209 （41.15%） and significantly higher than the detection rate of HBcAb in the common population without HBSAg. Conclusion Resultssuggested that the implementation of NAT had effectively improved the blood safety and decreased the risk of blood transfusion of HBV in Hengyang. Blood banks shall consolidate and develop the low risk blood donors team to ensure the blood safety from source.

Objective To discuss the comprehensive evaluation of the correlation between Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）and nucleic acid test （NAT）in decreasing the risk of transfusion-associated infection was carried out via the detection model of ELISA in parallel with NAT,which in turn was combined with the results from confirmatory assays. Methods Positive samples from screening assays between May 2015 to July 2016 were analyzed in terms of the S/COvalues of two kinds of ELISA reagents as well as results of both NAT and Western blotting,the latter being confirmatory. Results The results of all 281 tested samples were as followed,in primary screening test：110 cases of Wantai reagent withS/CO≥1 and 156 cases of BIO-RAD reagent; 20 cases of Wantai reagent with 0.75<S/CO<1,39 cases from BIO-RAD reagent. HIV confiormatoryive WB test：27 were positive and 242 were negative,49 cases could not be determined by this method. NAT test：49 were positive and 232 were negative. Conclusion The reaction rate of two kinds of ELISA screening reagents was different,the difference was statistically significant. Results showing strong reactivity in ELISA had higher consistency with NAT whilst low ELISA reactivity samples delivered lower consistency with NAT and Western blotting. Besides,conducting ELISA for one less time leads to higher requirements on both reagents and operating personnel. At the same time,we should strengthen recruitment and promotion,strengthening publicity of high-risk sexual behavior people voluntarily gave up blood donation of medical purposes,established fixed blood donor of blood donor recruitment is more conducive to blood safety.

Objective To provide the reference basis for the development of regional scientific and effective recruiting blood donation and blood safety policy,blood test was carried out in unpaid blood donation population in foshan region during 2014-2016 . Methods Enzyme-linked immunoassay （enzyme immunoassay,EIA） joint nucleic acid detection technology （NAT） were used to detect donated blood collected from foshan area in 2014 to 2016without compensation in accordance with the provisions for testing,then the results were analyzed. Results The failure rate of total blood is decreasing year by year,and the difference in annual rate is statistically significant. Total percent of failure is 3.74%,unqualified rate of the conventional detection project from high to low in turn is ALT （1.97%）,HBsAg （0.91%）,anti - TP （0.35%）,anti-HCV （0.34%） and anti-HIV （0.18%）. The NAT failure rate was 0.25%,with decreased trend year by year,and the rate of the NAT reagent screening of 6 human specimens was significantly higher than that of 24 human specimens. ConclusionThe main factor causing unqualified unpaid blood donation population in foshan area is ALT and HBsAg,syphilis and HCV infected people have a certain proportion,the anti-HIV positive rate is increasing year by year,with increased risk of blood transmission of infectious diseases. Blood service organization should strengthen health examination and consultation before the blood donation in unpaid blood donation population,and choose more accurate,specific blood screening technology,improve the blood screening detection sensitivity,prevent blood transmission of infectious diseases to the greatest extent,ensure transfusion safety; At the same time blood stations should constantly improve the staff's service quality,strengthen propaganda and education of unpaid blood donors in donation knowledge,establish and develop low-risk,stable unpaid donors team,has the vital significance to blood safety.

Objective To analyze the results of nucleic acid detection in Weinan in 2016 and observe its significance in ensuring blood safety. Methods The Roche Cobas s201 automatic nucleic acid detection system was used to detect the specimens that had shown negative ELISA and qualified ALT. Results A total of 34251 cases were examined including 33 cases of positive HBV DNA. The HBV prevalence was found to be 0.96 ‰,HCV RNA and HIV RNA were not detectable. No significant difference of the positive rate of HBV DNA was noted between different months （χ²= 5.57,P>0.05）. The Ct value of positive rate in mixed detection was negatively correlated to positive rate on single test. There was significant difference between the groups with different Ct values （χ²= 14.50,P<0.01）. The HBV DNA prevalence varied in different age groups（χ²= 35.86,P<0.01）,among them the highest positive rate of HBV DNA was seen in 41~50 year old group （72.73% （24/33）. The HBV DNA-positive rates were statistically different between primary donors and repeated ones （χ²=9.94,P<0.01）. The HBV DNA prevalence in male donors was obviously higher than that in female donors （χ² = 6.08,P<0.05）. Conclusion Thirty three HBV DNA-positive cases were found in 34 251 samples with negative ELISA results in Weinan area. This suggesting the risk of blood-borne diseases at HBV in the voluntary blood donors. Nucleic acid detection in screening of blood donors may help to improve the safety of blood trasfusion.

Objective The invalid results and listsmay influence thetimely sending ofthe nucleic acid test reports. This work aimed to explore the reason for the invalid results and to optimize the corresponding operations for safety of blood transfusion. Methods Blood samples were collected from the voluntarydonors in Anyang from Jun 2016 to may 2017and DNAs were extracted withHaoyuan ChiTas BSS1200 automatic nucleic acid separator and subsequently amplified with ABI7500 Fluorescent Amplifier. The invalid results and lists were analyzed. Results A total of 88739 samples were tested for DNAs and 0.06% results and 1.04% lists were found to be invalid. Further analyses of the invalid results showed that it is not the batche's number of reagent but the insufficient amounts of samples as well as personal operation errorsor laboratory contaminationsthat causedthe invalid amplification of internal standard. Conclusion The invalid results and lists can be minimized by enhancing the training of the staff who are involved in nucleic acid tests,improving operating procedures,and avoiding laboratory contaminations by daily cleaning and disinfecting.

Objective To analyze the result of pre-transfusion test and discuss the significance of relative test. Method A total of 4 177 cases of patients who come to our hospital for therapy on April 1,2016 to April 1,2017 were enrolled. With ELISA or PCR,we detected the serum infectious disease indicators,and statistically analyzed the results associated with age and sex. Result Among the patients we delineated,the positive rate of HBsAg,anti-HCV,anti-TP and anti- HIV were 9%,1.29%,2.82%,and 0.14%. The positive rate of HBV DNA among HBsAg positive patients is 55.56%.The positive rate of HBV DNA among HBsAg negative patients is 0.22%.The positive rate of HCV RNA among anti-HCV positive patients is 80%. Conclusion Nucleic acid testing and serological testing are necessary for patients who may accept blood transfusion,relative test is meaningful in reducing infection of transfusion.

Objective To retrospectively discuss and analyze the influencing factors of multiple transfusions on cross transfusion in the patients with extensive burns in order to formulate an appropriate detection and blood cross matching strategy. Methods One hundred and eleven patients with large area （more than 85% ） burn were collected in the surgery department. Among the patients who had received transfusion and anti-infection treatments,the cross matching incompatibility was seen on the primary and secondary sides. Therefor the red blood cells and alloantibodies of patients were detected with absorption and elution technique. Results Forty eight of 111 （43.2％） patients were found to have alloantibodies,26 of them （23.4％） had erythrocyte direct antihuman globulin antibodies,23 of them （20.7%） presented positive abnormal protein aggregation,and 14 of them（12.6%） showed positive antibodies against medicine used. Conclusions A long term use of antibiotics,frequent transfusions of red blood cell suspension and leukocyte poor red blood cells,albumin,frozen plasma,and cryoprecipitate will result in alloantibodies,drug antibodies,autoantibodies,and erythrocyte sensitization,constituting the factors influencing blood cross matching incompatibility.

Objective To explore the value of tracking methodology in the evaluation of clinical blood transfusion quality. Methods From January 2017 onwards,27 clinical departments in our hospital to implement the principle of tracking method,by the Department of blood transfusion,nursing,medical and other departments to establish blood transfusion tracking group. The quality of clinical blood transfusion was evaluated before and 6 months after implementation,and the results were compared. Results In the 27 clinical departments,6 months after the implementation of the principle of follow-up method,the patient's blood transfusion quality in the patient's privacy,nursing blood transfusion quality in the specimen collection,blood bag return,blood transfusion check,the patient blood transfusion quality in patients informed,blood transfusion apply,blood transfusion indication,blood transfusion audit,pre-surgery examination,case history recorder,blood transfusion reaction,evaluation of blood transfusion effect,emergent blood transfusion,blood protection,regulation managent of blood transfusion quality control,establishment of rule on blood transfusion,equipment used in blood transfusion department,blood transfusion,blood transfusion,blood transfusion,blood transfusion,blood transfusion,blood transfusion,total of 18 parameters are better than （P<0.05）,and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion It is valuable to apply the method of tracking method to the evaluation of clinical blood transfusion quality. It can promote the establishment of system and comprehensive thinking mode,strengthen the improvement of hospital management mechanism and its rules and regulations,and improve the quality of clinical blood transfusion.

Objective To investigate the effect of restrictive and non restrictive blood transfusion in the treatment of low birth weight infants. Methods 79 cases medical records of low birth weight neonatal anemia during December 2013 Septembe 2015 year r in our hospital were retropectively analysed,according to the severity of anemia and hematocrit （Hct）value,divided into restrictive transfusion group （42 cases）and non restrictive transfusion group （37 cases）. All of first neonatal transfusion Hct,the first day age,blood transfusion per case,total volume of blood transfusion,blood transfusion each time,transfusion times were recorded,and two groups of treatment and complications were compared in neonates. Results Compared with the limited blood transfusion group,non restrictive transfusion group showed that Hct before blood transfusion first times was higher,however,blood transfusion before each age,total blood transfusion,blood transfusion number,low oxygen time,noninvasive mechanical ventilation time,CPAP time were lower（P<0.05）,The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage and nosocomial infection （28.57%,35.71%）in the restrictive transfusion group was higher than that in the non restrictive transfusion group （8.10%,13.51%）,（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference betweentwo groups in CPAP,oxygen,noninvasive mechanical ventilation,the number and time of aminophylline,and hospitalization time,in apnea,cerebral white matter damage,and then open the incidence of arterial catheter,（P>0.05）. Conclusion Non restrictive transfusion strategies,which can rectify the low birth weight neonatal anemia,shorten the time of mechanical ventilation and oxygen time,reduce the hospital infection and intracranial hemorrhage and other complications,is conducive to the improvement and rehabilitation.

Objective To investigate the influences of ABO blood group,gender and age on factor Ⅷ and fibrinogen in the plasma component. Methods The cryoprecipitated antihemophilic factors and cryoprecipitate reduced plasma were prepared by centrifugal method. ABO blood group of blood donors,factor Ⅷ activities and fibrinogen levels in the cryoprecipitated antihemophilic factors and cryoprecipitate reduced plasma were detected,and the data were compared and analyzed by t test,LSD method and multiple linear stepwise regression analysis. Results The level of FⅧ in group A and group B from cryoprecipitated antihemophilic factor was significantly higher than that in group O （P<0.001）. The level of FⅧ in group A and group O from cryoprecipitate reduced plasma was significantly lower than that in group B （P <0.01）.The level of FIB in the female group from cryoprecipitated antihemophilic factor was higher than that in the male group（P<0.005）.The level of FIB in the female group from cryoprecipitate reduced plasma was higher than that in the male group（P<0.05）.The level of FⅧ in the >30 year olds group from cryoprecipitate reduced plasma was significantly higher than that in the≤30 year olds group （P<0.05）.The level of FIB in the >30 year olds group from cryoprecipitate reduced plasma was significantly higher than that in the≤30 year olds group （P<0.001）. Conclusion Blood group is the factor affecting the FⅧ level of both cryoprecipitated antihemophilic factor and cryoprecipitate reduced plasma,and the content in group B is the highest. The ABO blood group has no effect on the FIB levels in either cryoprecipitated antihemophilic factor or cryoprecipitate reduced plasma.Gender is the factors affecting the FⅧ and FIB level of cryoprecipitated antihemophilic factor,it was also an influencing factor of the level of FIB in cryoprecipitate reduced plasma,and the female group is higher than the male group. Age is the factor affecting the FⅧ and FIB levels in cryoprecipitate reduced plasma.Which are significantly higher among blood donors in the >30 year olds group than that in the≤30 year olds group.

Objective In order to strengthen the management of blood and make full use of blood resources,and reduce blood scrap,the reason of blood discarding in our station from 2011 to 2015 were analyzed,and the corresponding countermeasures were searched. Methods In strict accordance with the "blood stations and the quality control standard" and "blood stations laboratory management norms" as well as "Quality requirements for whole blood and blood components"（GB18469-2001）,standard discarding process was carried out. The data for discarded blood in our station between January 2011 and December 2015,and classified into test unqualified and physical appearance unqualified two categories. Results The blood discarding rate is 2.82% in last five years. The cause of blood discarding were given priority to physical appearance unqualified,and in the majority with fat blood and expired blood. And the proportion of expired blood is on the rise. Unqualified rate of detection was on the decline as a whole. Conclusion Blood services should do well the health advice before blood donation as well as strengthen the popularization of blood donation knowledge,and strengthen the management of blood. Do well blood adjustment in war preparedness and ordinary time. At the same time,It is necessary that strengthens staff training to abide strictly by the operation procedures and reduces waste of blood that caused by the operating error.

Objective To observe the effect of four type placement of cold source box in blood transport containers on temperature tracing of stored red-blood-cell concentrates during transport,we can choice the best placement mode,according to the research and specific situation of patients. Methods Twelve blood bags were divided into four groups,there were three blood bags in each group,which were stored in the same blood transport containers,using four type placements of cold source box,respectively. The temperature of blood bags were measured by electronic thermometers. Once temperature of blood bags exceeded the temperature of 10℃,recorded the time immediately. Results Cold source box maintained the temperature of the blood bags not to exceed 2~10℃,the holding time has significant differtence between any two groups （P<0.05）. It is the best way that two cold source boxs were separately placed above and below the blood bags,which can keep longer time than another three groups when the blood bag temperature is 2~10℃.The less blood bags in blood transport containers,the longer periods of time to maintain the transport temperature. Conclusion When patient need blood transfusion in emergency,it is feasible that we only use blood transport containers to transport red blood cells. When red blood cells was transport to clinical departments,and patient can't use for some special reason.We can use blood transport container and cold source boxes to storage red blood cells temporarily,which reduces waste of blood and ensure transfusion safety.

Objective To observe the maintenance and regular calibration of the semi-automatic biochemical analyzer in order to reduce blood discarding caused by ALT unqualified detections and reports. Methods Semi-automatic biochemical analyzer was calibrated every 3 months based on CLSI EP15-A guidelines. The tests were performed on one test per day for 5 days,2 concentrations per day and 3 repeats for each concentration of one sample. The additional analyses were performed and the data were eliminated in case that the quality was out of control. Results The frequencies of blood discarding due to unqualified ALT detections were gradually decreased to 5.15%（3 828/74 320）,2.14%（1 633/76 313）,2.22%（1 759/79 232）,1.57%（1 228/78 238）and 0.68%（574/84 406）（P<0.01）,respectively by a good maintenance and calibration of the instrument every three months. Conclusion The methods of nice maintenance and regular calibration of semi-automatic biochemical analyzer recommended by CLSI EP15-A may help reduce the blood discarding caused by ALT false detections and reports.

Objective To investigate the change and clinical application of the red cell distribution width（RDW） in diagnosis of cerebral infarction. Methods Peripheral blood was collected from 265 patients with cerebral infarction and 160 healthy controls and the level of RDW was detected .The recipients operating characteristic curve （ROC curve） was used to determine the best cutoff point of RDW.The patients were divided into low RDW（RDW<12.65%） and high RDW groups（RDW≥12.65%）according to ROC curve. The variation of age,gender,activated partial thromboplastin time（APTT）,prothrombin time （PT）,and D-dimer （D-D） between the two groups were analyzed. Results The RDW level of the patients with cerebral infarction was obviously higher than that of the healthy control （Z=-6.518,P<0.001）. The value of APTT and PT in high RDW group （RDW≥12.65%） was higher （APTT Z=-2.331,P=0.020）than in low RDW group（RDW<12.65%,PT Z=-2.062,P=0.039）. But no significant difference was noted of D-D level between low and high RDW groups （Z=-1.141,P=0.254）. Conclusion The RDW level were increased in the cerebral infarction patients and APTT and PT were elevated,suggesting the role of RDW in the auxiliary diagnosis of cerebral infarction.

Objective To evaluate the value of serum and urinary retinol binding protein （RBP） and beta 2 microglobulin（2-MG） in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Methods From December 2014 to December 2016,the hospital treated 141 cases of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,grading criteria of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,47 cases with severe hyperbilirubinemia were included in the severe group,47 cases with extremely severe hyperbilirubinemia were inclued in the extremely severe group,and the risk hyperbilirubinemia group was included in the dangerous group,at the same period 47 cases of healthy neonates were selected as control group. Before and after treatment,serum and urine RBP,beta 2-MG and serum total bilirubin levels were measured before and 1 weeks after treatment. Results Four groups of patients before and after treatment,serum and urine RBP and beta 2-MG were statistically significant difference（P<0.05）,the control group,severe group,extremely severe group,and the risk group showed an increasing relationship; Before treatment and after treatment,serum total bilirubin levels were positively correlated with serum and urine RBP and beta 2-MG,among which urine RBP,beta 2-MG and serum total bilirubin levels were strongly correlated（r>0.6）. Conclusion The levels of serum and urine RBP,beta 2-MG levels were correlated with the severity of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,and urinary RBP and beta 2-MG could assist in judging the severity of Hyperbilirubinemia.

Objective To analyze the practical value of the recombinant human thrombopoietin（rhTPO） in the treatment of thrombocytopenia induced by blood tumor chemotherapy. Methods One hundred and ten patients with thrombocytopenia induced by blood cancer treatment were randomly divided into two groups,with 55 cases in each. The patients of control group received only IL-11 treatment and those of observation group were given rhTPO. Platelet count（PLT） and inflammatory cytokines were detected. Results All patients showed a primary PLT decrease followed by an increase before and after treatments,while IL-4 and IL-8 levels were elevated early and reduced gradually（P<0.05）. The PLT level was found to be increased but IL-4 and IL-8 decreased in observation group after 7 and 14 days of treatments（P<0.05）. As a result,the total effective rate of the observation group was notably higher than those of the control after 14 days of treatments（P<0.05）. However,no difference of the adverse reactions was seen between the two groups（P>0.05）. Conclusion Compared with IL-11,rhTPO is more effective for the treatment of thrombocytopenia caused by leukemia chemotherapy.

Objective By DNA noninvasive detection and amniotic fluid cell chromosome examination of pregnant women for Down syndrome （Down 's syndrome） fetal detection results were validated. Methods Venous blood cold chain do for noninvasive detection of DNA to BGI,need to do further amniocentesis the operation of amniotic fluid cytogenetic examination. Results 1657 cases were screened in 11 cases of trisomy 21- high risk,10 cases of trisomy 21- amniotic fluid test; 3 cases of trisomy 18- high risk for trisomy 18- amniotic fluid verification; fetal sex chromosome abnormalities in 2 cases,1 cases of amniotic fluid validation was 47,1 cases of XXX. 47,XXY. Conclusion The results of noninvasive DNA test were highly consistent with the results of amniotic fluid cytogenetics.

Objective To investigate the expression,clinical value and significance of ER beta 2 and ER alpha 46 in papillary thyroid carcinoma （PTC）. Methods The 40 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma,40 normal thyroid tissues and 40 nodular goiter,were selected. Immunohistochemical technique （Immunohistochemistry,IHC） was used to detect the expression of ER beta 2 and ER alpha 46 in tissue,and the preoperative lymph node metastasis,clinical stage and 5 year survival rate of PTC patients were collected. Results The positive expression rates of ER beta 2 and ER 46 in papillary thyroid carcinoma were 92.5% and 70% respectively,and the positive expression of 2 kinds of receptors in papillary thyroid carcinoma and benign lesion were statistically significant（P<0.05）.The sensitivity of ER beta 2 ER alpha 46,the diagnosis of papillary carcinoma were 92.5% and 70.0% respectively,the specificity was 72.5% and 78.8%; ER beta 2,ER alpha 46 expression with papillary thyroid carcinoma clinical stage and lymph node metastasis,the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）,and the 5 year survival and death patients that ER beta 2 and ER alpha 46 positive cell rate difference were no statistical significance（P>0.05）. Conclusion The expression of ER beta 2 and ER alpha 46 is increased in papillary thyroid carcinoma,and has some value in pathological diagnosis,but it is not obvious for judging the long-term prognosis.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of capillary ultracentrifugation for identification of Rh blood group in patients after transfusion. Methods Erythrocytes of 10 patients with positive antibody screening and Rh antigen confirmed in the mixed field of view were washed to prepare pressed red blood cells. The blood cells were isolated by capillary ultracentrifugation. The Rh blood group was identified using both proximal and distal red blood cells. Results Ten specimens from the patients after capillary centrifugal separationwere accurately identified as Rh blood group,with its capability of identifying antibody types. Conclusion Capillary ultracentrifugation technique can isolate the red blood cells of patients following transfusion and correctly indicate the blood type of patients,being applicable to clinical blood transfusion.

Objective To set up a method for detection of anti-G for Rh blood grouping and to analyze the anti-G in the Rh negative individuals with anti-D and anti-C. Methods The Rh D was tested by the gel column method. The Rh D（-）was confirmed by indirect anti-globulin tests with three different antibodies. The irregular antibodies in the sera of patients were screened and identified by cell screening panel. The adsorption-elution studies were performed to examine the specificity of the antibodies. Results The blood group of the patients was AB Rh D（-）（ccdee）.The serum detections showed agglutination reactions with AB Rh D（+）red blood cells （RBCs）. The reactivity was also seen with AB Rh D（-）RBCs with C antigen. The antibodies were demonstrated to be anti-D and anti-G after differential adsorption-elution experiments. Conclusion The anti-G is associated with hemolytic diseases such as transfusion reactions of newborns. The adsorption-elution assay is simple and practical,particularly for identification of anti-G if the specific RBCs are unavailable.

Objective To observe the accuracy and sensitivity of the 2 types of Automatic Blood Grouping Instruments in Direct Antiglobulin Test （DAT）,we compare the false-positive rate,false-negative rate as well as the performances of instruments between the Automation Blood Grouping Analyser System of ORTHO AutoVue Innova and the blood grouping system which were composed of Ai gel 300 and the antigen detection card of Jiangyin Libio. Methods 500 randomLy selected patient samples were detected for DAT by above two types of instruments. The results were verified by Intube method of DAT. Results The ORTHO AutoVue Innova got the false-positive rate of 8.98% without detecting any false-negative sample. Meanwhile,the blood grouping system composed of Ai gel 300 and the antigen detection card of Jiangyin Libio showed 30.6% of the false-negative rate of and 2.25% of the false-positive rate. There was significant difference in detection between these two systems（P<0.05）. Conclusion The results show that ORTHO AutoVue Innova has obvious better performances and more clinical practice value in DAT.

Objective To understand the cross matching compatibility rate of Rh system antibody in Changsha、Zhuzhou and Yueyang blood bank. To solve the problem of clinical difficulty blood matching as soon as possible and find a matched blood timely. Method 310 cases of the distribution of Rh system antibody were reviewed. The data of cross-matching in 310 cases was analyzed. Serological method used to detect Rh antigen in blood donors. Results 310 cases of Rh antibody distribution were as follows：anti-E 166 cases （53.54%）,anti-D 76 cases （24.52%）,anti-c 27 cases （8.71%）,anti-cE 19 cases （6.13%）,anti-C 14 cases （4.52%）,anti-Ce 4 cases （1.29%）,anti-e 4 cases （1.29%）. In type A blood,the highest compatibility rates of anti-E（69.06%）,anti-c（57.55%）,and anti-cE（69.06%） were in Changsha blood bank,while anti-C（29.05%） was in Yueyang blood bank. In type B blood,the highest compatibility rate of anti-cE（50.00%） was in Yueyang blood bank. In type AB blood,the highest compatibility rate of anti-E（62.50%） was in Changsha blood bank. In type O blood,the highest compatibility rate of anti-E（56.79%） was in Changsha blood bank. Conclusion The cross matching of anti-E、anti-c and anti-cE in type A blood,anti-E in type AB blood,anti-E in type O blood was preferred in Changsha blood bank. The cross matching of anti-C in type A blood,anti-cE in type B blood was preferred in Yueyang blood bank.

Objective The blood group serological specificity of the anti-Mur was detected before the blood transfusion,and its clinical significance was analyzed. Methods saline and micro-column gel assay were employed to screen and identify the irregular antibodies of RBC blood type. The absorption and elution assay was used to detect the specificity and the Ig classification of antibody. Results The anti-Mur was detected in the serum from all of 6 patients. Conclusion The anti-Mur appears higher frequency in the south of Fujian,so the screening of anti-Mur and Miltenberger phenotype can assure the safety of blood transfusion.

Objective To obtain genetic parameters of X-STR loci,we analysed and compared the distribution frequency in Han population and Zhuang population in Guangxi province. Methods 1 267 healthy adults in Guangxi were detected with twelve X-STR's subtypes such as DXS8378 by Investigator Argus X-12 KIT. 612 cases Han population were regarded as the control group and 655 cases Zhuang population as the study group. Genotype distribution frequency and genetic parameters of the two groups were compared. Results （1）Genotype distribution frequency of two groups were all consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. 128 genotypes were detected in Han population and genotype distribution frequency was 0.002 9~0.787 2. 145 genotypes was detected in Zhuang population and genotype distribution frequency were 0.003 5~0.658 1.（2）The PIC of Han population was 0.388 6~0.896 6 and the PIC of Zhuang population was 0.405 9~0.889 3.The Heterozygosity of Han population was 0.379 6~0.809 1 and the Heterozygosity of Zhuang population was 0.501 8~0.825 5. The MECduo and MECtrio of Han population was 0.367 7~0.685 0 and 0.4357~0.8421,and the MECduo and MECtrio of Zhuang population was 0.423 3~0.821 7 and 0.475 5~0.912 8. The DP and EP of Han population was 0.555 8~0.872 2 and 0.471 1~0.822 7,and the DP and EP of Zhuang population was 0.787 4~0.978 1 and 0.520 1~0.864 7. Conclusions Genotype distribution frequency of two groups are all consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. But the X-STR loci in Zhuang population are highly polymorphic,which is different from that of Han population. It has certain guiding significance for paternity identification in forensic medicine in this region.